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First published online 16 October 2008
doi: 10.1242/dev.029025

Development 135, 3719-3729 (2008)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2008
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Wnt5a and Wnt11 interact in a maternal Dkk1-regulated fashion to activate both canonical and non-canonical signaling in Xenopus axis formation

Sang-Wook Cha*, Emmanuel Tadjuidje*, Qinghua Tao, Christopher Wylie and Janet Heasman{dagger}

Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.

{dagger} Author for correspondence (e-mail: heabq9{at}chmcc.org)

Accepted 17 September 2008

Wnt signaling in development and adult tissue homeostasis requires tight regulation to prevent patterning abnormalities and tumor formation. Here, we show that the maternal Wnt antagonist Dkk1 downregulates both the canonical and non-canonical signaling that are required for the correct establishment of the axes of the Xenopus embryo. We find that the target Wnts of Dkk activity are maternal Wnt5a and Wnt11, and that both Wnts are essential for canonical and non-canonical signaling. We determine that Wnt5a and Wnt11 form a previously unrecognized complex. This work suggests a new aspect of Wnt signaling: two Wnts acting in a complex together to regulate embryonic patterning.

Key words: Dkk1, Wnt11, Wnt5a, Xenopus, Complex


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