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First published online May 8, 2009
doi: 10.1242/10.1242/dev.026559

Development 136, 1929-1938 (2009)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2009
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Drosophila ptip is essential for anterior/posterior patterning in development and interacts with the PcG and trxG pathways

Ming Fang1,2,*, Hongyan Ren2, Jiabin Liu2, Ken M. Cadigan3, Sanjeevkumar R. Patel4 and Gregory R. Dressler1,*

1 Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
2 Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Southeast University Medical School, Nanjing, China 210009.
3 Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
4 Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.

* Authors for correspondence (e-mails: mfang{at}seu.edu.cn; dressler{at}umich.edu)

Accepted 20 March 2009

Development of the fruit fly Drosophila depends in part on epigenetic regulation carried out by the concerted actions of the Polycomb and Trithorax group of proteins, many of which are associated with histone methyltransferase activity. Mouse PTIP is part of a histone H3K4 methyltransferase complex and contains six BRCT domains and a glutamine-rich region. In this article, we describe an essential role for the Drosophila ortholog of the mammalian Ptip (Paxip1) gene in early development and imaginal disc patterning. Both maternal and zygotic ptip are required for segmentation and axis patterning during larval development. Loss of ptip results in a decrease in global levels of H3K4 methylation and an increase in the levels of H3K27 methylation. In cell culture, Drosophila ptip is required to activate homeotic gene expression in response to the derepression of Polycomb group genes. Activation of developmental genes is coincident with PTIP protein binding to promoter sequences and increased H3K4 trimethylation. These data suggest a highly conserved function for ptip in epigenetic control of development and differentiation.

Key words: Epigenetics, Polycomb, Trithorax, ptip, Drosophila development


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