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First published online 14 January 2009
doi: 10.1242/dev.027334

Development 136, 575-584 (2009)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2009
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A role for Syndecan-4 in neural induction involving ERK- and PKC-dependent pathways

Sei Kuriyama and Roberto Mayor*

Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK.

* Author for correspondence (e-mail: r.mayor{at}ucl.ac.uk)

Accepted 4 December 2008

Syndecan-4 (Syn4) is a heparan sulphate proteoglycan that is able to bind to some growth factors, including FGF, and can control cell migration. Here we describe a new role for Syn4 in neural induction in Xenopus. Syn4 is expressed in dorsal ectoderm and becomes restricted to the neural plate. Knockdown with antisense morpholino oligonucleotides reveals that Syn4 is required for the expression of neural markers in the neural plate and in neuralised animal caps. Injection of Syn4 mRNA induces the cell-autonomous expression of neural, but not mesodermal, markers. We show that two parallel pathways are involved in the neuralising activity of Syn4: FGF/ERK, which is sensitive to dominant-negative FGF receptor and to the inhibitors SU5402 and U0126, and a PKC pathway, which is dependent on the intracellular domain of Syn4. Neural induction by Syn4 through the PKC pathway requires inhibition of PKC{delta} and activation of PKC{alpha}. We show that PKC{alpha} inhibits Rac GTPase and that c-Jun is a target of Rac. These findings might account for previous reports implicating PKC in neural induction and allow us to propose a link between FGF and PKC signalling pathways during neural induction.

Key words: Neural induction, Syndecan-4, FGF, PKC, Rac, JNK, AP-1, c-Fos


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