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First published online 25 February 2009
doi: 10.1242/dev.029538

Development 136, 1115-1125 (2009)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2009
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Krüppel-like factor 2 cooperates with the ETS family protein ERG to activate Flk1 expression during vascular development

Stryder M. Meadows1,*, Matthew C. Salanga2 and Paul A. Krieg2,{dagger}

1 Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA.
2 Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA.

{dagger} Author for correspondence (e-mail: pkrieg{at}email.arizona.edu)

Accepted 2 February 2009

The VEGF receptor, FLK1, is essential for differentiation of the endothelial lineage and for embryonic vascular development. Using comparative genomics, we have identified conserved ETS and Krüppel-like factor (KLF) binding sites within the Flk1 enhancer. In transgenic studies, mutation of either site results in dramatic reduction of Flk1 reporter expression. Overexpression of KLF2 or the ETS transcription factor ERG is sufficient to induce ectopic Flk1 expression in the Xenopus embryo. Inhibition of KLF2 function in the Xenopus embryo results in a dramatic reduction in Flk1 transcript levels. Furthermore, we show that KLF2 and ERG associate in a physical complex and that the two proteins synergistically activate transcription of Flk1. Since the ETS and KLF protein families have independently been recognized as important regulators of endothelial gene expression, cooperation between the two families has broad implications for gene regulation during development, normal physiology and vascular disease.

Key words: Tie2, VE-cadherin, VEGFR2, Xenopus, Endothelial lineage, Vascular development, KLF2


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Development 2009 136: e704. [Full Text]  





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