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First published online 31 March 2009
doi: 10.1242/dev.035535

Development 136, 1475-1485 (2009)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2009
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The APC/C E3 ligase remains active in most post-mitotic Arabidopsis cells and is required for proper vasculature development and organization

Katia Marrocco, Alexis Thomann*, Yves Parmentier, Pascal Genschik{dagger} and Marie Claire Criqui

Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes du CNRS, 12 rue du Général Zimmer, 67084 Strasbourg Cedex, France.

{dagger} Author for correspondence (e-mail: pascal.genschik{at}ibmp-ulp.u-strasbg.fr)

Accepted 3 March 2009

Selective protein degradation via the ubiquitin-26S proteasome is a major mechanism underlying DNA replication and cell division in all eukaryotes. In particular, the APC/C (anaphase promoting complex or cyclosome) is a master ubiquitin protein ligase (E3) that targets PDS1/SECURIN and cyclin B for degradation allowing sister chromatid separation and exit from mitosis, respectively. Interestingly, it has been found that the APC/C remains active in differentiated neurons in which the E3 ligase regulates axon growth, neuronal survival and synaptic functions. However, despite these recent findings, the role of APC/C in differentiated cells and the regulation of its activity beyond cell division is still poorly understood. Here, we investigate the activity and function of APC/C in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. We used cyclin reporter constructs to follow APC/C activity during plant development and found that this E3 ligase remains active in most post-mitotic plant cells. Strikingly, hypomorphic mutant lines, in which the APC/C activity is reduced, exhibited several developmental abnormalities, including defects in cotyledon vein patterning and internode elongation leading to a characteristic broomhead-like phenotype. Histological analyses revealed an increased amount of vascular tissue, most notably xylem and lignified sclerenchyma, indicating a role for APC/C in plant vasculature development and organization.

Key words: Arabidopsis, Cell cycle, Endoreduplication, Ubiquitin, Vasculature


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