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The early development of haploid and aneuploid parthenogenetic embryos

Department of Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel

¹ Author's address: Anatomy Department, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3DY U.K.

² Author's address: Department of Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.

Received for publication 10 April 1975. Revision received 2 July 1975.

SUMMARY

The early development of parthenogenetically activated oocytes has been studied in C57BL x CBA-T6T6 (F₁T6) translocation heterozygote mice and C57BL x CBA-LAC (F₁LAC) mice. All F₁T6 oocytes had either a quadrivalent or a univalent-trivalent configuration at meiosis I; no such chromosome configurations were observed in the F¹LAC oocytes. At ovulation 36·5 % of the F₁T6 oocytes had 19 or 21 chromosomes, whereas 97 % of the F₁LAC had the normal haploid chromosome number of 20. After parthenogenetic activation, chromosome counts at metaphase of the first cleavage mitosis were made of the eggs with a single pronucleus following extrusion of the second polar body. These activated eggs had similar frequencies of 19, 20 and 21 chromosomes as had the oocytes at ovulation. The activated 1-cell eggs were transferred to the oviducts of pseudopregnant recipients and the embryos recovered 3 days later. At this stage of development, most of the F₁T6 embryos with 19 chromosomes were no longer found, but the frequency of 21-chromosome embryos was similar to the frequency of 21-chromosome oocytes and activated eggs. There was a similar mean number of cells in the embryos with 20 and 21 chromosomes.

The results indicate that nearly all the embryos with 19 chromosomes failed to develop, probably beyond the 2-cell stage, whereas oocytes with 21 chromosomes had a similar development to oocytes with 20 chromosomes up to the morula stage.

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