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J Embryol Exp Morphol 6, 645-659 (1958)
Published by The Company of Biologists 1958
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Factors Affecting Vertebral Variation in Mice

4. Experimental Proof of the Uterine Basis of a Maternal Effect

Anne McLaren1 and Donald Michie2

Royal Veterinary College, University of London

1 Authors' addresses: Royal Veterinary College, Royal College St., London, N.W. 1, U.K.

2 Dept. of Surgical Science, University New Buildings, Teviot Place, Edinburgh 8, U.K.

Received for publication 11 June 1958.

SUMMARY

The historic controversy between ‘spermists’ and ‘ovist’' ended towards the close of the eighteenth century in a partial victory for both sides: sperm and egg were shown to be alike necessary for the genesis of a new individual. But the question of the relative biological contribution of the male and female parent remained open.

A century later the biometrical school of Karl Pearson showed that in human stature, and a number of related characters, the respective influences of the mother and the father upon the offspring were of equal strength. The rediscovery at this time of Mendel's work seemed to offer the final and decisive proof of sex equality in heredity, for according to Mendel's system the number of hereditary factors supplied by each parent was of necessity equal.

Somewhat paradoxically, Morgan's discovery in 1911 of the chromosomes as the bearers of the Mendelian factors was based on the first known exception to the rule of equality, namely, on sex linkage.


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© The Company of Biologists Ltd 1958