Development, Vol 99, Issue 3 371-382, Copyright © 1987 by Company of Biologists

JOURNAL ARTICLES

Temporal and regional changes in DNA methylation in the embryonic, extraembryonic and germ cell lineages during mouse embryo development

M Monk, M Boubelik and S Lehnert
MRC Mammalian Development Unit, University College London, UK.

This paper shows stage- and tissue-specific global demethylation and remethylation occurring during embryonic development. The egg genome is strikingly undermethylated and the sperm genome relatively methylated. Following a loss of genomic methylation during preimplantation development, embryonic and extraembryonic lineages are progressively and independently methylated to different final extents. Methylation continues postgastrulation and hence could be a mechanism initiating, or confirming, differential programming in the definitive germ layers. It is proposed that much of the methylation observed in somatic tissues acts to stabilize and reinforce prior events that regulate the activity of specific genes, chromosome domains or the X chromosome (in females). Fetal germ cell DNA is markedly undermethylated and we favour the idea that the germ lineage is set aside before the occurrence of extensive methylation of DNA in fetal precursor cells.
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				N Kikyo and A. Wolffe Reprogramming nuclei: insights from cloning, nuclear transfer and heterokaryons J. Cell Sci., January 1, 2000; 113(1): 11 - 20. [Abstract] [PDF]

				N. Radomski, C. Kaufmann, and C. Dreyer Nuclear Accumulation of S-Adenosylhomocysteine Hydrolase in Transcriptionally Active Cells during Development of Xenopus laevis Mol. Biol. Cell, December 1, 1999; 10(12): 4283 - 4298. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				S.-W. Choi, F. Stickel, H. W. Baik, Y.-I. Kim, H. K. Seitz, and J. B. Mason Chronic Alcohol Consumption Induces Genomic but Not p53-Specific DNA Hypomethylation in Rat Colon J. Nutr., November 1, 1999; 129(11): 1945 - 1950. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				M. C. Cardoso and H. Leonhardt DNA Methyltransferase Is Actively Retained in the Cytoplasm during Early Development J. Cell Biol., October 4, 1999; 147(1): 25 - 32. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. Singal and G. D. Ginder DNA Methylation Blood, June 15, 1999; 93(12): 4059 - 4070. [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. G. C. Smith and L. D. Hurst The Causes of Synonymous Rate Variation in the Rodent Genome: Can Substitution Rates Be Used to Estimate the Sex Bias in Mutation Rate? Genetics, June 1, 1999; 152(2): 661 - 673. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				A. P. Wolffe, P. L. Jones, and P. A. Wade DNA demethylation PNAS, May 25, 1999; 96(11): 5894 - 5896. [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Ramchandani, S. K. Bhattacharya, N. Cervoni, and M. Szyf DNA methylation is a reversible biological signal PNAS, May 25, 1999; 96(11): 6107 - 6112. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. Cervoni, S. Bhattacharya, and M. Szyf DNA Demethylase Is a Processive Enzyme J. Biol. Chem., March 26, 1999; 274(13): 8363 - 8366. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. Kakutani, K. Munakata, E. J. Richards, and H. Hirochika Meiotically and Mitotically Stable Inheritance of DNA Hypomethylation Induced by ddm1 Mutation of Arabidopsis thaliana Genetics, February 1, 1999; 151(2): 831 - 838. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				Y Kato, W. Rideout, K Hilton, S. Barton, Y Tsunoda, and M. Surani Developmental potential of mouse primordial germ cells Development, January 5, 1999; 126(9): 1823 - 1832. [Abstract] [PDF]