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Dual role of the Pax gene paired in accessory gland development of Drosophila

Lei Xue* and Markus Noll{dagger}

Institute for Molecular Biology, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
* Present address: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CN 06536, USA



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  		Fig. 1. prd is essential for accessory gland formation. (A,D) Accessory glands (ag) dissected from wild-type (A) and Df(2L)Prl/prd2.45 male rescued by one copy of the prd-SN20 transgene (D). (B,C) Highly underdeveloped (B) or absence (C) of accessory glands in Df(2L)Prl/prd2.45 males rescued to adulthood by two copies of prd-Gsb (B) or prdRes (C) transgenes. (E,F) Complete rescue of accessory glands by one copy of prd-mf5 transgene in Df(2L)Prl prd-mf5/prd2.45 males rescued to adulthood by two copies of prd-Gsb (E) or prdRes (F) transgenes. Testes and seminal vesicles connecting them to the anterior end of the ejaculatory duct (ed) have been removed here and in Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5.

 


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  		Fig. 2. Rescue by prd transgenes of prd functions in accessory gland development. Maps of prd transgenes listed in the left column are shown, while their abilities to rescue accessory gland (acg) formation, Prd expression in adult accessory glands, and male fertility in prd mutant males rescued by prd-Gsb or prdRes are indicated on the right. The Prd-coding region is indicated as open boxes, interrupted by the v-shaped prd intron, with the paired-domain PD hatched and the prd-type homeodomain HD stippled, and upstream and downstream sequences as straight line. Positions of transcriptional starts (0) and poly(A) addition signal (AATAAA) are marked, and the Gal4-coding region is shown as open box. The region including the enhancer responsible for the development of functional accessory glands, PMFE (Prd Male Fertility Enhancer), has been mapped to a 0.8 kb fragment downstream of the EcoRI site in the prd downstream region. Restriction sites in parentheses have been destroyed. B, BamHI; P, PstI; Pv, PvuII; R, EcoRI; Xb, XbaI; Xh, XhoI.

 


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  		Fig. 3. Dynamic expression of Prd in adult accessory glands. Expression patterns of Prd protein in accessory glands from a 1-day- (A,B), 5-day- (C,D), or 10-day-old (E,F) virgin male, or from a 5-day old-virgin male mated with females for the next 5 days (G,H) are shown at low (A,C,E,G) and high (B,D,F,H) magnification. Accessory glands were stained with rabbit anti-Prd antiserum. mc, main cells; sc, secondary cells.

 


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  		Fig. 4. prd is required to promote cell proliferation in accessory gland development. Accessory glands are shown that have been dissected from Df(2L)Prl prd-mf9.7/prd2.45; prdRes/+ males (A), carrying an additional copy of a UAS-Prd (B), UAS-dMyc (C), UAS-CycE (D), or UAS-P35 (E) transgene, or hemizygous for Df(3L)H99 (F), uncovering the proapoptotic genes reaper, grim and hid. Note that one copy of prdRes, as used here, rescues about 20%, whereas two copies, used in Fig. 1C,F, rescue about 75% of prd mutants to adult males that have no accessory glands. The rescue efficiencies are not affected by the presence of a prd-mf9.7 transgene, nor does the presence of an additional copy of prdRes augment the size of the accessory glands shown in A.

 


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  		Fig. 5. prd is required for accessory gland maturation. Expression of Acp26Aa protein (A,D,G), Gsb (B,E,F) and SP (C,F,I) in accessory glands of wild-type males (A-C), or Df(2L)Prl/prd2.45; prd-GsbN+PrdC/prd-GsbN+PrdC males carrying no (D-F) or one copy of a prd-mf9 transgene recombined onto the Df(2L)Prl chromosome (G-I) is detected by rabbit antisera against Acp26Aa and Gsb, or visualized by X-Gal staining of the product from an sp-lacZ reporter gene.

 

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© The Company of Biologists Ltd 2002