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First published online August 2, 2004
doi: 10.1242/10.1242/dev.01319

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How to make an eye

Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine and Department of Cell Biology, NYU School of Medicine, 540 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA

View larger version (35K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Each branch of the evolutionary tree includes multiple eye types, and their distribution suggests that each type must have evolved several times independently. Single-chambered eyes are outlined in rectangles and compound eyes in ovals. The color of the outline is red for eyes that form images using only shadow, blue for eyes that use refracting devices such as lenses or corneas, and green for eyes that use mirrors. Adapted, with permission, from Land and Nilsson (Land and Nilsson, 2002).

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Transcription factors controlling eye development, shown in a mouse embryo at the optic vesicle stage. Rx (red) is expressed in an anterior region of the neural tube and is necessary for optic vesicle evagination, proliferation of cells in the optic vesicle and retinal differentiation. Pax6 (green) is important in both the optic vesicle and the lens placode, where its expression might be regulated by Meis and Sox transcription factors. Otx proteins (blue) promote the development of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE).