spacer gif spacer gif spacer gif spacer gif spacer gif
 QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced]


spacer gif
     Home     Help     Feedback     Subscriptions     Archive     Search     Table of Contents    

First published online 4 October 2006
doi: 10.1242/dev.02589


Development 133, 4269-4279 (2006)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2006


This Article
Right arrow Summary Freely available
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow A corrigendum has been published
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow reprints & permissions
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Simper-Ronan, R.
Right arrow Articles by Hixson, D. C.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Simper-Ronan, R.
Right arrow Articles by Hixson, D. C.
Social Bookmarking
 Add to CiteULike   Add to Complore   Add to Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us   Add to Digg   Add to Reddit   Add to Technorati   Add to Twitter  
What's this?

Cholangiocyte marker-positive and -negative fetal liver cells differ significantly in their ability to regenerate the livers of adult rats exposed to retrorsine

Rhonda Simper-Ronan, Kate Brilliant, Donna Flanagan, Marie Carreiro, Helen Callanan, Edmond Sabo and Douglas C. Hixson*

Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Rhode Island Hospital and the Graduate Program in Pathobiology, Brown University Medical School, Providence, RI 02903, USA.


Figure 1
View larger version (19K):

[in a new window]
 
Fig. 1. Flow charts showing positive and negative selection schemes used for isolation of CMP-FLEC. (A,B) Simple (A) and parallel (B) fractionation schemes used with ED16 fetal liver cell isolates. (C) The isolation scheme used for ED18/19 fetal liver cell isolates. Letters refer to the isolates listed in Table 1.

 

Figure 2
View larger version (50K):

[in a new window]
 
Fig. 2. Phenotypic analysis of CMP-FLEC isolates: purity of CMP-FLEC isolated with micromagnetic beads was assessed by IIF analysis of cytospins or by FACS analysis. (A) Cytospin of an unfractionated ED16 total fetal liver isolate labeled with MAb OC.2 (isolates A and F, Table 1). Only subpopulations of cells were strongly positive for OC.2 (arrows). (B) Cytospin of MAb OC.2 reactive cells recovered from ED16 fetal liver isolate with micromagnetic beads (isolate B, Table 1). Greater than 95% of cells were strongly positive for OC.2. (C) Cytospin of an unfractionated ED18/19 total fetal liver isolate labeled with MAb OC.10 (isolate O, Table 1). Only a subpopulation of cells showed positive staining (arrow). (D) Cytospin of MAb OC.10 reactive cells recovered with micromagnetic beads from ED18/19 fetal liver cell isolate (isolate G, Table 1). All of the cells were positive for OC.10. (E,F) FACS analysis of MAb BD.2/MAb OC.5-positive and -negative cell populations after micromagnetic bead fractionation (isolates P and Q, Fig. 1). The black shaded peak represents background levels of fluorescence exhibited by cells labeled with a cocktail of MAb BD.2 (IgG isotype) and MAb OC.5 (IgM isotype) followed by a cocktail of nonspecific secondary antibodies (FITC-conjugated rabbit anti goat IgG and rabbit anti goat IgM antibodies). Unshaded peak shows the level of fluorescence following sequential incubation with a mixture of MAbs BD.2 and OC.5, and a mixture of goat anti-mouse IgG and goat anti-mouse IgM antibodies. More than 95% of the cells in the positive fraction labeled with appropriate secondary antibodies displayed fluorescence above background levels (E, isolate P, Table 1). By comparison, fewer than 2% of cells remaining after depletion of positive cells showed fluorescence levels greater than the negative control (F, isolate Q, Fig. 1). Scale bars: 50 µm.

 

Figure 3
View larger version (120K):

[in a new window]
 
Fig. 3. DPPIV+ hepatocyte colonies in livers of DPPIV-host rats transplanted with CMP-FLEC. Acetone fixed, frozen sections from livers of DPPIV-, retrorsine/PH treated host rats at 3 months after transplantation of CMP-FLECII-IV were stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin (A-C) or histochemically for DPPIV (D-J). Sections in A-C were prepared from liver tissue harvested from the same animal used in D. Long and short arrows in A indicate, respectively, an inflammatory focus and two megalocytes. (B) Arrows delineate megalocytes and the line traces the margin of a small hepatocyte colony. (C) Arrows identify a typical portal area with minimal oval cell proliferation. (D-I) Hepatocyte colonies with canalicular DPPIV activity in host rat livers transplanted with (D) CMP-FLECII,III, isolate R; (E) CMP-FLECII, isolate D; (F) CMP-FLECIV, isolate P; (G) total ED16 fetal liver, isolates A and F; (H) CMP-FLECIII, isolate B; (I) CMP-FLECI isolate U. (J) Canalicular pattern of DPPIV activity in histochemically stained, acetone-fixed frozen section from an adult DPPIV+ rat liver. Scale bars: 200 µm.

 

Figure 4
View larger version (87K):

[in a new window]
 
Fig. 4. DPPIV- and OV6-positive bile ducts in DPPIV-host rat livers transplanted with CMP-FLEC. (A,B) Acetone fixed frozen sections prepared from host rat liver at 9 months after transplantation of CMP-FLECIV (isolate P, Table 1) were labeled with MAbs specific for OV6, a bile duct marker (red) and enzymatically active DPPIV (green) by double IIF protocol. A collection of donor-derived DPPIV+/OV6+ bile ducts (arrows, B) located between two colonies of DPPIV+ hepatocytes with strong canalicular staining patterns (arrows, A). (B) A high magnification view of the area enclosed by the rectangle in A. Scale bars: 100 µm.

 

Figure 5
View larger version (17K):

[in a new window]
 
Fig. 5. Change in size of hepatocyte colonies. Morphometric analysis using Image-Pro Plus software showed approximately two- to fourfold increase in the cross-sectional area of DPPIV+ hepatocyte colonies over a 6-month period. P<0.0001 when the area of colonies derived from CMP-FLECIII (isolate R) were compared using Kruskal Wallis ANOVA, indicating that increase in size was statistically significant. P values generated using Bonferrioni adjusted Mann-Whitney test to compare areas at different time points showed that the increase in area of hepatocyte colonies derived from CMP-FLECIII (P<0.001 for 3 weeks versus 3 months; P=0.009 for 3 weeks versus 9 months; P=0.06 for 3 months versus 9 months) and CMP-FLECIV (isolate P) (P<0.0001 for 3 months versus 9 months) was statistically significant. Sample size at 9 month time point for CMP-FLECIII colonies was small because of the reduction in discrete colonies produced by merging, a reduction that increased both P values and standard error of the mean.

 

Figure 6
View larger version (63K):

[in a new window]
 
Fig. 6. Coalescence of hepatocyte colonies. (A,B) Acetone-fixed frozen sections stained histochemically for DPPIV. Clusters of merging hepatocyte colonies (A) were common 9 months after transplantation of CMP-FLECIV (isolate P). Discrete colonies such as those shown in B at 6 months after transplantation of CMP-FLECIII (isolate B) were relatively rare by 9 months after transplantation of CMP-FLEC. Scale bars: 200 µm.

 

Figure 7
View larger version (19K):

[in a new window]
 
Fig. 7. DPPIV activity in liver extracts from DPPIV-host rats transplanted with fetal liver isolates enriched or depleted of CMP-FLEC. Isolates used to prepare extracts for DPPIV activity assays are indicated on the x-axis with letter designations assigned in Table 1 and Fig. 1. Enzymatic activity is shown on the y-axis. Extract grouping is defined in the legend to facilitate comparison of extracts from isolates enriched for or depleted of CMP-FLEC and/or hepatoblasts.

 

Figure 8
View larger version (86K):

[in a new window]
 
Fig. 8. Expression of hepatocyte associated proteins by DPPIV+ colonies derived from CMP-FLEC. Acetone-fixed frozen sections were stained by double label IIF. (A,B) DPPIV+ (green canalicular fluorescence) donor-derived hepatocyte colonies present 9 months after transplantation of CMP-FLECIV (Table 1, isolate P) were strongly positive for hepatocyte markers H.4 (A, red) and H.1 (B, red). (C) 3 month DPPIV+ colony (green) derived from CMP-FLECII (isolate D) showing positive reactivity with a MAb specific for CYP2E1 (red). Scale bars: 100 µm.

 

Figure 9
View larger version (83K):

[in a new window]
 
Fig. 9. Protein expression profiles of DPPIV-host and DPPIV+ donor hepatocytes. (A-C) Two-dimensional profiles of extracts prepared from CMP-FLECII, isolate D (A), DPPIV-host (B) and DPPIV+ donor (C) hepatocytes isolated 1 year after transplantation of the CMP-FLECII isolate in A. (D,E) The protein expression profiles from DPPIV-host and DPPIV+ donor hepatocytes isolated 1 year after transplantation of CMP-FLECIV, isolate P.

 

Add to CiteULike CiteULike   Add to Complore Complore   Add to Connotea Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us Del.icio.us   Add to Digg Digg   Add to Reddit Reddit   Add to Technorati Technorati   Add to Twitter Twitter    What's this?




© The Company of Biologists Ltd 2006