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First published online 21 May 2008
doi: 10.1242/dev.015453

Development 135, 2207-2213 (2008)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2008
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Deriving multipotent stem cells from mouse spermatogonial stem cells: a new tool for developmental and clinical research

Dirk G. de Rooij1,2,* and S. Canan Mizrak1

1 Center for Reproductive Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
2 Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands.


Figure 1
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  		Fig. 1. Spermatogonial stem cell location and divisions. Schematic of a magnified cross-section through a mouse seminiferous tubule, showing the basal membrane of the seminiferous tubule and the position of spermatogonia in relation to this membrane. The spermatogonial stem cells (As spermatogonia) are in a similar position to the other spermatogonia, on the basal membrane and surrounded by Sertoli cells. Also shown are primary spermatocytes, Sertoli cells and, more towards the lumen of the tubule, round spermatids. Nearest the lumen are elongated spermatids that will soon be shed into the lumen as spermatozoa. Modified with permission from Gilbert et al. (Gilbert et al., 2003).

 

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  		Fig. 2. A scheme of spermatogonial multiplication and stem cell renewal in rodents. Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs, purple) can either (A) self renew by forming two new single cells (A-single or As spermatogonia) or (B) can differentiate, in which case the daughter cells stay together to form a pair of spermatogonia (A-paired or Apr spermatogonia; pink) that are linked by a cytoplasmic bridge. The Apr spermatogonia divide to form a chain of four spermatogonia (A-aligned or Aal; Aal4) that subsequently form a chain of eight spermatogonia (Aal8). After a total of nine to ten divisions, spermatocytes form. Spermatocytes give rise to spermatids following meiotic division, and the spermatids then transform into spermatozoa, which exit the seminiferous tubules through the lumen.

 

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  		Fig. 3. A summary of the procedures involved in obtaining ES-like cells from spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs).

 

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© The Company of Biologists Ltd 2008