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First published online September 26, 2008
doi: 10.1242/10.1242/dev.021196


Development 135, 3321-3323 (2008)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2008


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Induction into the Hall of Fame: tracing the lineage of Spemann's organizer

Richard Harland

Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and Center for Integrative Genomics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3200, USA.


Figure 1
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Fig. 1. Organizer grafts result in induction of a secondary axis. (A) Schematic of the organizer graft created by Spemann and Mangold, using a light-gray newt donor (Triturus cristatus) grafted into a dark-gray host (Triturus taeniatus). The gastrulae are shown in hemisection for illustrative purposes only (dorsal is towards the right, and the dimensions of these embryos are more Xenopus-like than Triturus-like). (B) The famous result of an optimal grafting experiment (Spemann and Mangold, 1924Go), showing a section through the trunk of a twinned embryo. The light-gray graft has contributed to the notochord, medial somite and floor plate of the secondary axis. The graft has an induced neural tube, somites, a pronephros and a secondary archenteron cavity. (C, D) Contemporary organizer grafts from Andrea E. Wills (UC Berkeley, CA, USA). (C) The section shows a rafted organizer labeled with lacZ mRNA and stained with Red-Gal; the section is taken through the trunk of a stage 28 Xenopus laevis embryo, where the axial tissues are also stained with Tor70 antibody. (D) Twinned Xenopus embryo, resulting from an organizer graft carried out at stage 10.

 

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© The Company of Biologists Ltd 2008