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Fig. 2. BMP4 and BMP7 promote apoptosis, whereas NOG inhibits apoptosis in vitro.
Apoptosis was confirmed by performing both Nile Blue staining and TUNEL assays
(one of the two assays was shown). (A-C) GT explants were micro-dissected from
12.0 dpc embryos, implanted with BMP4 (B4) or control (c) BSA beads, and
cultured for 24 hours. BMP4 beads inhibited GT outgrowth when compared with
the opposite side of the same specimen implanted with control BSA beads (A).
Implanted BMP4 beads (C) in the murine GT mesenchyme increased apoptosis
compared with control beads (B). (D-F) BMP-treated GT displayed increased
apoptosis in the distal GT region compared with the control (D, control; E,F,
BMP4- and BMP7-treated GT, respectively). (G,H) TUNEL analysis was performed
on NOG treated specimens. A clear reduction in the number of apoptotic cells
within the distal GT mesenchyme was observed by the NOG application (G,
control section; H, NOG treated section). (A-C) Ventral views. (D-F) Frontal
views. (G,H) Coronal sections. The upper side is dorsal and bottom side is
ventral. Scale bars: in A, 125 µm in A-C and 250 µm in D-F; in G, 50
µm in G,H.
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