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Movie 1
Movement of cystic bulge in isolated individualizing cyst in low magnification. Cystic bulge start from the end with sperm heads. It moves down along the cyst with constant speed. As cystic bulge progresses, it become bigger and rounder. This movie was filmed every 10 minutes over 10 hours.
Movie 2
Cystic bulge without cyst cells. Individualized regions of sperm tails are visible. Time frame is 50 minutes and each frame was taken in every 2 minutes. The cystic bulge move smoothly and each sperm tails encapsulated in membrane as cystic bulge moves forward.
Movie 3
FRAP experiment 1: the movie of FRAP in Fig. 6A. Fluorescence of GFP-actin are bleached along a thin line across the actin cone. As the actin cone move forward the bleached line moves forward. This movie is the raw data and Fig. 6A is the blow up of selected part of this movie. The first frame before bleaching was taken 2 minutes before the onset of time lapse. The time lapse was taken every 2 minutes 27 seconds, and the total time is 12 minutes 15 seconds.
Movie 4
FRAP experiment 2: same type of FRAP experiment shown in Fig. 6B. Fluorescence of whole actin cone was bleached. The recovery took place whole along the cone. This is also a raw data. Time lapse is 1 minute; total time is 12 minutes.
Movie 5
Membrane dynamics of cystic bulge using membrane dye, FM1-43. Notice that, as cystic bulge moves, membrane invagination in cyst is stuck in cystic bulge without connecting membrane around actin cones. Frames were taken every 90 seconds, and total time frame is 1 hour.
Movie 6
Dynamics of membrane around actin cone at higher magnification. There is no membrane uptake or addition to the region where the reformation of membrane into thin tubule. Each frame was taken every 15 seconds and total time frame is 7 minutes 30 seconds.
Movie 7
Membrane dynamics around actin cone. At high magnification in which single vesicles could be observed, the membrane around the actin cone appears smooth without any sign of membrane uptake or insertion. Time lapse is 5 seconds; total time for the recording is 3 minutes 20 seconds.
Movie 8
Membrane uptake in cyst cell surrounding cyst. Plasma membrane of cyst cell was stained by applying FM1-43 into culture media and time-lapse recording was performed. After the application, membrane vesicles and organelles are stained by the dye. The amount of vesicles labeled by the dye, increases according to time, suggesting that membrane uptake is taking place actively in this cell. Some vesicles are moving with directions for a while, or moving back and forth, also suggesting that these are not the membrane invagination. Each frame was taken every 1 minutes and the time frame of total imaging is 40 minutes. This magnification is much lower than that in Movies 6 and 7.
Movie 9
Animation model of cystic bulge movement. Red triangle represent actin cone. Blue arrows indicates the flow of plasma membrane. Bright blue lines indicate axoneme.
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