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Fig. 8. Expression of Pax9, Tgfb3 and Osr1 is altered in the Osr2^{tm1Jian/tm1Jian} mutant palatal shelves. (A,B) Pax9 mRNA expression in wild-type (A) and mutant (B) embryos at E13.5. Pax9 mRNA exhibits a mediolateral gradient in the wild-type palatal mesenchyme at this stage, with higher levels in the medial palatal mesenchyme (A). By contrast, uniform lower levels of Pax9 mRNA expression are observed in the mutant palatal mesenchyme (B), although similar levels of Pax9 mRNA are observed in the tooth bud mesenchyme in wild-type and mutant embryos. (C,D) At E14.5, Pax9 mRNA in the palatal mesenchyme is significantly reduced in the mutant (D) compared with that in the wild-type littermate (C). Pax9 mRNA levels in the tooth bud mesenchyme remains similar in wild-type and mutant embryos. (E,F) Tgfb3 mRNA is abundantly expressed in the medial and distal regions of the palatal epithelium in wild-type embryos (E), but its expression domain is shifted medially in the mutant palatal epithelium (F) at E14.5. Arrowheads indicate the boundaries between Tgfb3-expressing and Tgfb3-nonexpressing cells in the distal palatal regions. (G,H) Osr1 mRNA expression in wild-type (G) and the mutant (H) palatal shelves at E14.5. (I,J) Osr1 mRNA expression in wild-type (I) and the mutant (J) palatal shelves at E15.0. p, palatal shelf; t, tongue; tb, tooth bud.

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