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Fig. 4. Abnormal pharyngeal arch arteries in Alk2/Wnt1-Cre mutants. Left lateral view after intracardiac ink injection to visualize developing pharyngeal arch arteries at E10.5 (A, B) and at E11.5 (C,D) in controls (A,C) and Alk2 mutants (B,D). The pharyngeal arch arteries are numbered. Note regression of arteries 3 and 6 in the Alk2 mutant at E11.5. Immunohistochemistry for the smooth muscle cell marker, {alpha}-smooth muscle actin at E11.0 in control (E,G) and Alk2 mutant samples (F,I). The high-power pictures show the 6th pharyngeal arch artery in the control (G,H) and mutant (I,J). There is diffuse discontinuous brown staining around the 3rd and 6th pharyngeal arch arteries at E11.0 in mutants (I, arrows in J) when compared with controls (G,H). Neural crest cells were fate mapped using the WNT1-Cre/R26R reporter assay (H,J; green) to show that in controls (H) and in mutants (J) the aortic arch arteries are surrounded by NCCs. Scale bars: 200 µm in E,F; 50 µm in G-J.





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