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Fig. 5. Polarity defects in cul-2, elc-1, rbx-1 and zyg-11 RNAi embryos. (A) Overlaid epifluorescence images of anti-PAR-2 (green, upper panel), anti-PAR-6 (green, middle panel), anti-PAR-3 (green, lower panel), anti--tubulin (red), and DAPI (blue) staining in wild-type (left) and cul-2(RNAi) (middle and right) zygotes. The wild-type zygotes are in interphase, whereas the cul-2(RNAi) zygotes are in meiosis II. Red stars denote meiotic spindles; red arrows, sperm asters; o, maternal pronuclei; s, sperm DNA; white arrowheads, polar bodies; and white arrows, regions of the cortex lacking PAR-6 or PAR-3 staining. (B) Matched DIC and PAR-2::GFP images of two-cell stage wild-type, cul-2(RNAi), elc-1(RNAi) and rbx-1(RNAi) embryos. (C) Overlaid epifluorescence images of anti-PAR-2 (green), anti--tubulin (red) and DAPI (blue) staining in zyg-11(RNAi) one-cell (left) and two-cell (right) stage embryos. (D) P granule localization in mitotic cul-2(RNAi) embryos: PAR-2::GFP (green), anti-P granule (red) and DAPI (blue). White arrowheads denote polar bodies. (E) Diagram of migration of spindles and pronuclei in wild-type (left) and cul-2(RNAi) zygotes (middle and right) derived from ß-tubulin::GFP/DIC movies. Timing begins with the initial observation of sperm asters and ends at pronuclei meeting. In five out of five cul-2(RNAi) embryos, the sperm asters formed during meiosis, although they were very small relative to their size after meiosis. Anterior is to the left. Scale bars: 10 µm.

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