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Fig. 4. Effect of castration and androgen treatment. Double staining for androgen
receptor (AR) and Alcian blue on p63+/+ (A,C,E) and
p63–/– (B,D,F) prostates. After one month of
growth in intact male hosts, p63+/+ and
p63–/– urogenital sinus (UGS) developed
prostate having a complex ductal structure (intact, A,B). The ducts of
p63+/+ prostates (A) were more dilated and had larger
lumens than that of p63–/– prostate (B). In
grafts grown in intact hosts for one month followed by one month of
castration, the lumen of ducts in p63+/+ prostate became
smaller and the entire graft was reduced in size (C). In
p63–/– prostate, castration reduced the number
of ducts, and the entire graft became cystic (D, arrows; large cystic ducts).
Pools of secretion devoid of epithelium were always observed
(D,N,*). One month after the T-pellet implantation to castrated
hosts, ducts in p63+/+ prostate became dilated and filled
with secretion (E). Ducts of p63–/– prostate
also regenerated and exhibited increased complexity of ductal structure (F).
(G) Wet weight of prostatic ducts. Data was analyzed with Fisher's PSLD and
ANOVA factorial tests. Data are expressed as mean+s.d. Lowercase letters
indicate groups statistically distinguished. The data was significantly higher
in the following order, c>a>b (P<0.05). (H) Ductal
complexity. Total length of epithelial basement membrane (epithelial length,
µm) in prostatic tissue was measured in sections of UGS grafts. The
epithelial length was divided by the area of prostatic tissue
(µm2). Data was analyzed with Fisher's PSLD and ANOVA factorial
tests. Data are expressed as mean+s.d. Lowercase letters indicate groups
statistically distinguished. There is no significant difference between a
versus b, or a versus c. c is significantly higher than b. a, b and c are
significantly higher than d (P<0.05). Detection of apoptosis in
p63+/+ (I,K) and p63–/–
(J,L) prostate. In the intact hosts, apoptotic cells were rarely detected
(I,J). Three days after the castration of the host, apoptotic epithelial cells
were detected in both p63+/+ and
p63–/– prostates (K,L, white arrows). Double
staining for p63 and Alcian blue (M,N). The concentration of p63-positive
basal cells increased in the shrunken duct of p63+/+
prostate (M). Pools of Alcian blue-positive material devoid of intact
epithelium but containing dying/dead cells (N, black arrow) were consistently
observed in p63–/– prostate one month
following castration (N, *).
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