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Fig. 4. Stimulation of the signaling activity of LRP6 by oligomerization. (A)
Schematic representation of wild-type and mutant LRP6. Signal peptide (SP),
EGF repeats (E1-E4), LDLR repeats (L1-3) and transmembrane domain (TM) are
indicated. In LRP6
EGF, all EGF repeats were deleted. In LRP6
N,
the whole extracellular domain was deleted. Two copies of FKBPv were tethered
to the C terminus of LRP6
EGF to form LRP6
EGF-FKBP. The
extracellular domain of LRP6 was replaced by the extracellular domain of TrkC
or human FZ5 to form TrkN-LRP6C and HFz5N-LRP6C. (B) AP20187 increases the
stimulatory effect of LRP6
EGF-FKBP on LEF-dependent transcription in
293 cells. 293 cells were transfected with the indicated plasmids and
CMV-LEF1, CMV-Renilla luciferase and a LEF-luciferase reporter. Cells
were either treated with vehicles or 50 nM AP20187 for 36 hours. The levels of
luciferase activities were normalized for Renilla luciferase
activities. (C) AP20187 increases LRP6
EGF-FKBP-induced ß-catenin
stabilization in 293 cells. 293 cells were transfected with the indicated
plasmids and treated with vehicles or 50 nM AP20187 for 36 hours. Cells were
subjected to subcellular fractionation, and cytosolic ß-catenin was
determined by immunoblotting. (D) AP20187 increases the binding of Axin to
LRP6
EGF-FKBP during ß-catenin stabilization in 293 cells. 293
cells were transfected with the indicated plasmids and treated with vehicles
or 50 nM AP20187 for 36 hours. Proteins were immunoprecipitated from cell
lysates with anti-HA antibodies, and immunoprecipitates were fractionated by
SDS-PAGE, transferred to a nitrocellulose membrane and immunoblotted with
anti-Myc antibodies (upper panel). Expression of Axin and LRP6
EGF or
LRP6
EGF-FKBP in total cell lysates was examined by immunoblotting with
anti-Myc and anti-HA antibodies (lower panels). (E) NT3 increases the
signaling activity of TrkN-LRP6C in S2 cells. S2 cells were transfected with
the indicated plasmids and treated with 200 ng/ml NT-3 (Upstate) for 48 hours.
Cells were lysed and the luciferase activities were normalized for
Renilla luciferase activity. (F) The signaling activity of LRP6, with
or without inducible oligomerization, is Dsh independent. S2 cells were
treated with dsRNAs, transfected with the indicated effector plasmids and
treated with 200 ng/ml NT3 for 48 hours. Cells were lysed and luciferase
activities were measured.