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Fig. 12. Characters and functions of neural stem cells. (A) Embryonic neural stem
cells change their characters in the following order: Hes-independent
neuroepithelial cells, transitory Hes-dependent neuroepithelial
cells, and Hes-dependent radial glial cells. Based on the expression
patterns, transitory Hes-dependent neuroepithelial cells seem to
depend on Hes1 and Hes3, while Hes-dependent radial
glial cells mostly depend on Hes1 and Hes5. (B) Roles of
radial glia in the inner and outer barrier formation. (a) Radial glia form the
tight and adherens junctions at the apical side and contribute to the basal
lamina formation at the basal side. (b) Radial glia establish the framework of
the neural tube by forming the inner and outer barriers. In the absence of
radial glia
(Hes1–/–;Hes5–/–),
neurons escape from the wall of the neural tube, thereby destroying the
structural integrity.
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