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Fig. 3. Defective pancreatic islet ß-cell and 
-cell numbers in
Gdf11-deficient mice. (A-C) Immunohistochemical detection of insulin
(brown) at E17.5 in mice with the indicated genotypes. (D) Quantification of
ß-cell mass by point-counting morphometry in
Gdf11+/+, Gdf11+/- and
Gdf11-/- pancreata at P1. Data are shown as the average
measurements from at least four mice of indicated genotypes ± standard
error of the mean. The asterisk indicates a significant difference between
Gdf11-/- animals and Gdf11+
littermates at P<0.05. (E-G) Immunohistochemical detection of
glucagon (brown) at E17.5 in mice with the indicated genotypes. (H)
Quantification of -cell mass by point-counting morphometry in
Gdf11+/+, Gdf11+/- and
Gdf11-/- pancreata at P1. Data are shown as the average
measurements from at least four mice of indicated genotypes ± standard
error of the mean. Asterisks indicate significant differences between
wild-type littermates and Gdf11 deficient animals at
P<0.05. (I-K) Immunohistochemical detection of somatostatin
(brown) at E17.5 in mice with the indicated genotypes. (L-N)
Immunohistochemical detection of pancreatic polypeptide (brown) at E17.5 in
mice with the indicated genotypes. (O-Q) Pancreatic islet cell expression of
insulin (green) and glucagon (red) at P1. Representative samples are
shown.
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