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Fig. 1. Ubiquitous expression of mouse and Drosophila Tsh genes provokes
identical homeotic transformations in the Drosophila embryo. (A)
Ubiquitous mouse Tsh1 and ectopic Tsh proteins expressed by the
69B-Gal4 driver in wild-type embryos accumulate in the nucleus of
epidermal cells. Confocal section through the nucleus of the epidermis of the
head/thorax region of stage 12-13 69B>tsh and 69B>Tsh1
embryos. The localization of Tsh proteins is shown in green and the nuclei are
stained by propidium iodide (red). (B) Comparison of the mouse Tsh proteins
level upon ectopic expression in 69B>Tsh Drosophila
embryos by western blot analysis with an anti-c-Myc antibody. Two independent
transgenic lines are shown for mouse Tsh1, 2 and 3. Mod expression levels
serve as a loading control. (C) Wild-type larval cuticle (dark field, left)
and close-up (phase contrast, right) of the trunk-head region showing the T1
segment and its beard (b). (D) Ectopic tsh expression with the
epidermal 69B-Gal4 driver (69B>tsh) at 18°C showing
the homeotic transformation of the labial head segment into the first thoracic
segment. Arrows indicate the beard in the ectopic T1 segment, most visible on
phase contrast pictures. Head involution is affected and most of the head
skeleton is deleted; compare with C. (E-G) Labial to T1 homeosis induced by
the three Tsh genes. (E) 69B>Tsh1, (F) 69B>Tsh2 and
(G) 69B>Tsh3 cuticles of larvae raised at 29°C. All the
Tsh-expressing larvae are affected. Arrowheads indicate ectopic denticles
resulting from the transformation of more anterior head segments into trunk
(shown for tsh and Tsh1, similar result for Tsh2
and Tsh3 but out of focus, data not shown). Anterior is towards the
left and dorsal on the top. T1, T1 thoracic segment.
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