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Fig. 3. In situ hybridization for PAPPA expresssion in wild-type mouse embryos. At (A) E8.5 and (B) E9.5, PAPPA expression is mainly found in the developing foregut (fg) and hindgut (hg). Staining in the optic and otic vesicle is an artifact. At (C) E10.5 and (D) E11.5, PAPPA expression is seen in the cells resembling migrating neural crest cells (arrowhead), in branchial arches (asterisk), in the forelimbs (fl) and in a segmented pattern in the tail (t). At (E) E12.5, (F) E13.5 and (G) E14.5, PAPPA expression persisted in the developing limbs, tail, nasal region and the developing outer ear. Note that in F an albino embryo is shown, indicating that there is no PAPPA expression in the developing eye. (H) Higher magnification of the tail at E10.5 to demonstrate the segmented expression in the developing somites. (I) Higher magnification of the forelimb of an E13.5 embryo showing PAPPA expression in the developing joints of the digits.





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