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Fig. 1. Hfp negatively regulates cell cycle progression. (A) A wild-type third
instar larva (left) alongside an
hfpEP/hfpEP late third instar larva
(right). (B) A wild-type pharate adult (left) alongside a
hfpEP/hfpEP pharate adult (terminal
phenotype; right). (C) Time line of the developmental delay observed in
hfpEP/hfpEP animals compared with wild
type. The vertical bar indicates the stage at which hfp mutants
arrest in development and die. (D) Northern blot of poly(A)+ RNA isolated from
the developmental stages shown, and probed with the hfp cDNA, then
stripped and re-probed with the ribosomal protein rp49 cDNA as a
loading control. (E) Northern blot of poly(A)+ RNA isolated from wild-type and
hfp mutant larvae, probed with the hfp cDNA and
Actin5c cDNA as a loading control. (F-N) Wing imaginal discs from
wandering third instar larvae. Posterior is to the right, and the left margin
of the ZNC is marked with a yellow bar. Discs shown are representative samples
of at least 30 discs examined for each condition. (F,G) Wild type disc
co-stained with anti-Geminin antibody (F) and anti-Hfp antibody (G). Geminin
is present in late S-phase and G2 cells, but absent from G1-arrested cells
(Quinn et al., 2001). (H)
Anti-Hfp antibody staining of a
hfpEP/hfpEP larval wing disc. (I-N)
Wing discs from wild type (I-K) and
hfpEP/hfpEP (L-N) larvae co-labelled
with BrdU (I,L), anti-phosphohistone H3 antibody (PH3) (J,M) or merged (K,N).
(O-T) Third instar eye imaginal discs from wild-type (O-Q) and
hfpEP/hfpEP (R-T) larvae co-labelled
with BrdU (O,R), PH3 (P,S) or merged (Q,T). The morphogenetic furrow (MF) is
indicated by a yellow bar and arrows indicate the normal position of the
S-phase band posterior to the MF. (U,V) Cell size visualized by spectrin
staining of wild type (U) and
hfpEP/hfpEP (V) wing discs. (W,X)
TUNEL staining of wild-type (W) and
hfpEP/hfpEP (X) wing discs, revealing
elevated apoptosis in hfp mutant tissue.
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