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Fig. 2. Retinal determination gene network (RDGN). The RDGN is expressed in a transcriptional hierarchy (black arrows), in which Twin of eyeless (TOY) leads to Eyeless (EY) expression, which leads to the expression of Sine oculis (SO), Eyes absent (EYA) and Dachshund (DAC). However, the hierarchy is not only linear, as the lower tier members EYA, SO and DAC contribute to positive feedback loops that ensure the continued expression of EY, and also physically interact with each other (pink arrows). Other RDGN members Eyegone (EYG) and OPTIX are required independently for proper eye development (see Boxes 1 and 2). Drosophila proteins are shown in green and their vertebrate homologs in blue. PAX6(5A), 5A splice isoform of PAX6.





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