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Fig. 6. Cardiac defects resulting from a mild knockdown of Tbx20 resemble
human congenital heart defects. (A) External view of E12.5 wild type and a4
knockdown embryos, showing exencephaly in the a4 knockdown embryo. (B-D)
Bright-field view of E12.5 hearts from wild-type (B), and a4 (C) and b3 (D)
knockdown embryos. The right ventricle exhibits hypoplasia and there is
abnormal septation of the outflow tract in a4 and b3 knockdown embryos. (E,F)
Rendered optical projection tomography (OPT) of wild-type (E) and a4 knockdown
(F) embryos. (E,F) Surface rendered views of OPT scan (left), followed by
rendered chamber fills of OPT scans (middle; atrial chambers are purple,
ventricular chambers are dark red, pulmonary artery is blue and aorta is red);
and lateral view of the chamber fills (right), with the atria removed. The
outflow tracts are spiral and straight in the wild-type and knockdown embryo,
respectively. (G-N) Histology of wild-type (G-J) and a4 knockdown (K-N)
embryos. There is a lack of outflow valves in L, and very primitive aortic and
tricuspid valves in M,N. ao, aorta; av, aortic valve; la, left atrium; lv,
left ventricle; mv, mitral valve; pa, pulmonary artery; PTA, persistent
truncus arteriosus; pv, pulmonic valve; ra, right atrium; rv, right ventricle;
tv, tricuspid valve.
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