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Fig. 11. Effect of antisense oligonucleotide injection on primordial germ cells (PGCs) in blastula. Whole-mount in situ hybridization with digoxigenin-labeled Xpat RNA probe. Embryos were acquired by host transfer and cleared to visualize their interior. In all embryos, the side view of blastulae is shown with the animal pole at the top and the vegetal pole at the bottom. In control embryo (A), the Xpat labeled islands of germ plasm (arrows) are visible in the compact group at the vegetal tip of the blastula. In antisense VegT-injected embryos (B,C), the germ plasm is visible as the large aggregates (double arrow, B and C) and also as small aggregates dispersed within the vegetal blastomeres (arrows, B). In antisense Xlsirts injected embryos (D,E), the germ plasm was either barely visible (arrow, D) or was dispersed over the larger surface of vegetal region of the blastula (arrows, E). Scale bars: 300 µm. The experiment was repeated three times with 20 embryos in each group.





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