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Figure 1


Fig. 1. Abnormal morphology of Pbx1–/–;Pbx2+/– and Pbx1–/–;Pbx2–/– embryos. (A) At E10.25 (and E10.5), Pbx1–/–;Pbx2+/– embryos exhibit abnormal morphology and appear delayed. Their forelimbs are PD shortened and AP dysmorphic, while their hindlimbs appear relatively normal compared with wild type. Pbx1–/–;Pbx2–/– embryos are severely delayed compared with wild type, exhibiting striking morphological abnormalities, including the lack of limbs. Enlargements of all wild-type and mutant limbs are shown on the right-hand side. In addition, both wild-type and Pbx1–/–;Pbx2+/– hindlimbs are shown at two gestational days in enlargements on the far right, whereas Pbx1–/–;Pbx2–/– limbs are shown at E11 to demonstrate rudimentary forelimb bud formation (lower magnification). (B) At E13.5, Pbx1–/–;Pbx2+/– embryos are smaller than wild type with abnormal morphology. Forelimbs display shorter zeugopodia (short red arrow) and dysmorphic autopodia (short black arrow) compared with wild type (long red and black arrows, respectively); hindlimbs exhibit rudimentary autopodia (short red arrow) compared with wild type (long red arrow). Proximal (left); anterior (top). FL, forelimb; HL, hindlimb.





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