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Fig. 2. A schematic of the main cell types along the proximodistal
(rostrocaudal) axis of the mouse lung. Not all of the cartilage elements
associated with the trachea and main bronchi are shown. Submucosal glands are
present only in the upper part of the trachea in the mouse. The
pseudostratified epithelium of the proximal airways contains mostly ciliated
cells, which express the forkhead transcription factor Foxj1, Clara-like
secretory cells [detected with antibody to Scgb1a1 (red)] and basal cells,
detected with antibody to the transcription factor p63 (black). The bronchi
also contain ciliated and Clara cells. They have many more neuroendocrine
cells than the trachea, often in clusters at airway branch points, known as
neuroendocrine bodies (NEBs), shown here by staining with antibody to
calcitonin-gene related peptide (Cgrp, red). Each narrow bronchiolus opens
into alveoli through a bronchioalveolar duct. This junction region is usually
associated with a blood vessel (bv). The alveoli contain type II cells, which
secrete large amounts of surfactant proteins [detected with antibody to
surfactant protein C (Sftpc)]. The thin, flattened type I cells line the
alveoli and are closely apposed by capillaries. Photographic images were all
provided by E.R. from her own research material. The FoxJ1GFP
transgenic mice used in one image were provided by Larry Ostwroski, University
of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (NC, USA).
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