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Fig. 4. Developmental arrest of nvd-Dm RNAi animals. (A)
RT-PCR analysis of nvd-Dm and control gene rp49 in RNAi and
control animals 48 hours AEL. (B) Comparison of the survival rate and
developmental progression of nvd-Dm RNAi animals versus control
animals. nvd-Dm RNAi animals did not become pupae and died as larvae.
(C-G) Comparison of body size between nvd-Dm RNAi and control
animals. Anterior is leftwards. RNAi animals (upper) grew at the same rate as
control animals (lower) until about 48 hours after egg laying (AEL) (C-E).
Forty-eight hours AEL, RNAi animals failed to grow in size (F,G). (H-Q)
Dissected mouth hooks of nvd-Dm RNAi animals (H-L) and control
animals (M-Q) at different developmental stages. Red arrowheads indicate teeth
of the mouth hooks. Control first instar larvae had one-tooth mouth hooks
(M,N), control second instar larvae had two to five teeth (O,P), and control
third instar larvae had numerous small teeth (Q). By contrast, mouth hooks of
all nvd-Dm RNAi animals remained small and showed the characteristic
morphology of first instar larvae, even 96 hours AEL (H-L). Scale bar: 1.2 mm
for C-G; 10 µm for H-Q.
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