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Fig. 8. A model for Wingless gradient formation.
Cartoon of Wg trafficking through wild-type tissue (upper panel) and Dlp overexpressing tissue (lower panel). Wg is released from producing cells (red) and moves into receiving tissue, where it is endocytosed from apical and basal surfaces. Dlp overexpression (green in lower panel) biases Wg localization to the lateral surface, where it can diffuse without being endocytosed. This causes both elevation of Wg protein levels and extension of its spreading range (illustrated in flow charts). This model presupposes that Wg moves freely between apical, lateral and basal surfaces. If apical junctions establish a fence preventing diffusion of membrane proteins between apical and basal-lateral domains, Wg movement would have to occur via apical/basal-lateral transcytosis.
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