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Fig. 3. Endoderm development in mtx1 MO-injected embryos. Endoderm
differentiation and morphology in wild-type embryos (A,C,E,G,I,K,M) and
embryos injected with mtx1 MO(A) into the YSL (B,D,F,H,J,L,N).
Expression of early endoderm markers, sox17 (A,B) and
casanova/sox32 (C,D), at 80% epiboly (8.5 hpf) did not
appear to be affected in mtx1 MO(A)-injected embryos.
(E,F) Anterior views of her5:GFP transgenic embryos at
the 18-somite stage show unaffected pharyngeal endoderm development.
(G,H) The pharyngeal endoderm was also examined in transverse
confocal images (dorsal at the top) of Tg(cmlc2:GFP);
Tg(her5:GFP)ne2067 embryos counterstained for ß-catenin
(red). Arrowheads point to the pharyngeal endoderm and dashed lines outline
the myocardial cells in the lateral plate mesoderm. (I,J) Dorsal
views of the mid-trunk region of sox17:GFP transgenic embryos at the
15-somite stage. Anterior to the top. sox17:GFP-positive endodermal
cells in the future foregut region are coalescing toward the midline in
control embryos (I), whereas they appeared to be delayed in their migration in
mtx1 MO(A)-injected embryos (J). (K,L) Dorsal views of
foxa1 expression in the digestive organ-forming region at 24 hpf. By
24 hpf, endodermal cells have already coalesced at the midline and formed a
rod in wild-type embryos (K), whereas they remained as a sheet in
mtx1 MO(A)-injected embryos (L). (M,N) Ventral views of
gutGFP expression at 54 hpf. Approximately 30% of mtx1
MO-injected embryos showed duplicated hepatic (white arrowheads) and
pancreatic (white arrows) buds at this stage (N), further illustrating the
endoderm morphogenesis defects.
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