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Figure 1


Fig. 1. Localization of BMP receptors, and SMAD1, SMAD5 and SMAD8 activity in adjacent sections through an E16.5 proximal femur. (A) Alcian blue staining reveals the resting (res), columnar proliferative (prol), prehypertrophic (ph), and hypertrophic (hyp) zones. (B) Indirect immunofluorescence for BMPRIA reveals highest levels in the prehypertrophic and hypertrophic zones. (C) Staining for BMPRIB indicates expression throughout the growth plate, with higher levels in resting and prehypertrophic zones. (D) IHC for pSMAD1, pSMAD5 and pSMAD8 reveals highest levels of canonical BMP signaling in lower proliferative and prehypertrophic chondrocytes. (E) Percentages of pSMAD1-, pSMAD5- and pSMAD8-positive cells were determined in the consecutive segments delineated with black lines in D.





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