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Fig. 9. Schematic representation of Cni function. (A) Wild-type situation. Grk protein binds to Cni after processing in the ER and the released growth factor is recruited into COPII coated vesicles by Cni. (B) In the absence of Cni, processing still occurs but the released growth factor is lost into the ER lumen. (C) Loss of Cni can be partially overcome by fusion of Grk with a COPII targeting motive from Cni or dEmp24. Processing will preferentially occur near ER exit sites, locally increasing the concentration of the soluble growth factor. (D) The truncated CniAA12 protein can keep processed Grk at the membrane, but fails to efficiently recruit it into outgoing vesicles.





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