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Fig. 1. Expression of proneural bHLH genes in the developing ventral midbrain in relation to tyrosine hydroxylase (Th), Lmx1b and Nurr1 expression. (A-Q) Coronal sections of the ventral midbrain. ISH at E11.5 and E13.5 revealed Th mRNA in DA neurons (A,F) and Lmx1b mRNA expression in both DA progenitors and neurons in zone 1 of the VM (B,G). The expression of the proneural bHLH genes was restricted to the ventricular zone, with the exception of Ngn2, which is seen also in the IZ (P,Q). Ngn1 mRNA was expressed only in zone 2 (C), Ngn2 was expressed in zones 1 and 2 (D,) and Mash1 was expressed in zones 1, 2 and 3 at different levels (E). At E11.5, Mash1 and Ngn2 protein were expressed in a `salt-and pepper' pattern in the VZ with some double-labelled cells (K-M). Mash1 (N) and Ngn2 (O) are co-expressed with some Sox2⁺ progenitors. In addition, Ngn2 is also expressed in Sox2^– cells (O). Nurr1 and Ngn2 proteins are co-expressed in some cells in the IZ of Ngn2^KIGFP/+ embryos at E11.5 (P,Q). A summary of all the expression data at E11.5 is shown in R. Scale bar: 100 µm.

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