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Fig. 3. NF-B regulates down growth, but not initiation of primary guard hair follicle placodes. (A) Upper panel: high-resolution light microscopy of sagittal sections of wild-type, c^IBN (N) and downless (dl) mice. Embryos were analysed at E14.5 and E15.5. Developmental stage of placodes is indicated in each panel (0-1/2). Lower panel shows a schematic presentation of the first typical morphological changes observed during hair follicle induction (see also Paus et al., 1999). Brackets indicate placode borders, long arrows indicate apoptosis and short arrow indicate mitosis. Asterisks indicate attempted hair follicle formation; the club indicates loss of structural organisation. (B) In situ hybridization of wild-type and c^IBN (N) mice at E14.5 and E15.5 using a cyclin D1 sense and antisense probe. Vibrissae follicles also show cyclinD1 expression in dermal condensate (wild type E14.5). s, sense probe; as, anti-sense probe; vib., vibrissae. Stages of hair follicle development are indicated beneath placodes in wild-type sections. Broken lines indicate the boundary between epidermis and dermis. (C) Analysis of cell proliferation in the epidermis of E14.5 and E15.5 wild-type and IBN (N) embryos. BrdU incorporation into the DNA was detected with an anti-BrdU antibody and subsequent peroxidase reaction (brown nuclei). There are also a few nuclei stained in the interfollicular epidermis and dermis of wild-type and N embryos. Developmental stages are indicated in each panel. P, placode. Brackets indicate placode borders.

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