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Figure 4


Fig. 4. Upregulation of Bmps and Bmp target genes upon stabilization of ß-catenin in limb mesenchyme. (A-H) In situ hybridisation showing the expression of Bmps and Bmp target genes in wild-type and ß-cat{Delta}ex3Prx1/+ forelimbs at E11.5. (A) Wild-type Bmp4 expression in the distal mesenchyme and AER. (A') Expanded Bmp4 expression in ß-cat{Delta}ex3Prx1/+ forelimbs. (B) Wild-type Bmp7. (B') Upregulation of Bmp7 in ß-cat{Delta}ex3Prx1/+. (C) Wild-type Bmp2. (C') Distal upregulation of Bmp2 in ß-cat{Delta}ex3Prx1/+. (D) Wild-type gremlin. (D') Upregulated gremlin expression in ß-cat{Delta}ex3Prx1/+. (E) Wild-type Msx1. (E') Distal upregulation of Msx1 in ß-cat{Delta}ex3Prx1/+. (F) Wild-type Msx2. (F') Upregulation of Msx2 in distal ß-cat{Delta}ex3Prx1/+. (G-G'') Vibratome sections through whole-mount stained ß-cat{Delta}ex3Prx1/+ forelimbs demonstrating the mesenchymal upregulation of gremlin (G), Bmp2 (G') and Bmp7 (G''). (H) Section in situ hybridisation for Bmp4 on E11.5 forelimbs showing upregulation throughout the proximal mesenchyme. Whole-mount stained limbs are orientated anterior to the right and distal up.





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