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Fig. 2. Inhibition of GDNF-induced proliferation by LY294002. Cells were
cultured in the presence of 33 µM LY294002 or 25 µM PD98059. (A)
LY294002 decreases cell recovery after 6 days in culture on MEFs
(mean±s.e.m.; n=5). (B) Analysis of cell cycle
distributions, 5 days after passage on laminin in the presence of 33 µM
LY294002 (left) or 25 µM PD98059 (right). Significantly more of the cells
are in the G1 phase in the presence of LY294002. (C) Appearance of GS
cells that were cultured on MEFs in the presence of 33 µM LY294002. Whereas
control untreated cells form large colonies within 6 days (left), only small
colonies are found in the presence of LY294002 (middle). However, these small
colonies reinitiate growth after removal of LY294002 and form large colonies,
4 days after supplementation with fresh medium (right). (D)
Quantification of spermatogonial stem cells in culture by germ cell
transplantation. The same number of GS cells (2.5x105 cells
per six-well plate) was cultured on MEFs for 6 days with or without 33 µM
LY294002, and the total number of spermatogonial stem cells was quantified by
transplanting 5x104 cells into the seminiferous tubules of
infertile recipient testes. The total numbers of stem cells were estimated by
multiplying the total cell recovery by the stem cell concentration in the
injected cell suspension. Results from three independent experiments
(mean±s.e.m.; n=9 for control, and n=13 for
LY294002). Scale bar: in C, 100 µm.