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Fig. 3. The endoderm is a direct target of ß-catenin signaling.
(A) Experimental design of the endoderm transplantations. Anterior
endoderm (AE) or posterior endoderm (PE) was dissected from gastrula
Xenopus embryos injected with RNA encoding GFP, pt-ß-catenin+GFP
or Gsk3ß and GFP and the tissue was transplanted into the bastocoel of
uninjected sibling host embryos. (B,C) Confocal analysis at the
neurula stage indicates that the GFP-labeled cells were incorporated into the
host endoderm near the presumptive midgut. (D-G) At stage 42, control
AE transplants (D) contributed primarily to liver (li) and foregut, whereas
control PE transplants (E) mostly contributed to the intestine (i). By
contrast, AE injected with pt-ß-catenin (F) rarely contributed to
foregut, whereas PE injected with Gsk3ß (G) frequently contributed to the
liver. GFP-labeled cells were only observed in the endoderm and not the heart
(h) or other mesoderm tissue. (H) Bar chart showing the location
frequency of each type of transplant.
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