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Fig. 1. Whole skeletal phenotypes from Hox5, Hox6 and
Hox9 paralogous mutant mice. Lateral and ventral views of the rib
cages of Hox5 (A,E), Hox6 (B,F),
wild-type (C,G) and Hox9 (D,H) paralogous
mutant mice at E18.5. Hox5 paralogous mutants refer to the genotype
Hoxa5 -/-; Hoxb5-/-; Hoxc5-/-
(Hox5aabbcc), Hox6 mutants refers to the genotype
Hoxa6-/-; Hoxb6-/-; Hoxc6-/-
(Hox6aabbcc), and Hox9 paralogous mutants refers to the
genotype Hoxa9-/-; Hoxb9-/-; Hoxc9-/-;
Hoxd9-/- (Hox9aabbccdd). In lateral views (A-D), all
vertebrae having visible ribs are numbered, whereas in ventral views (E-H),
only those that articulate with the sternum are numbered. The rib cages in E-H
are intact (white paper inside the rib cage hides the dorsal aspects of the
rib cages). The red bar in E-H provides a size reference for the length of the
sternum. Black numbers indicate ribs that normally connect with the sternum,
red numbers indicate extra ribs connecting to the sternum, and blue numbers
indicate floating ribs. Arrows in A mark fused cervical vertebrae. Green
asterisk in E marks connective tissue in place of missing manubrium and first
sternabra. Orange asterisk in F denotes missing xiphoid process. Green
arrowheads in G denote wild-type manubrium and first sternabra.