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Figure 1


Fig. 1. Whole skeletal phenotypes from Hox5, Hox6 and Hox9 paralogous mutant mice. Lateral and ventral views of the rib cages of Hox5 (A,E), Hox6 (B,F), wild-type (C,G) and Hox9 (D,H) paralogous mutant mice at E18.5. Hox5 paralogous mutants refer to the genotype Hoxa5 -/-; Hoxb5-/-; Hoxc5-/- (Hox5aabbcc), Hox6 mutants refers to the genotype Hoxa6-/-; Hoxb6-/-; Hoxc6-/- (Hox6aabbcc), and Hox9 paralogous mutants refers to the genotype Hoxa9-/-; Hoxb9-/-; Hoxc9-/-; Hoxd9-/- (Hox9aabbccdd). In lateral views (A-D), all vertebrae having visible ribs are numbered, whereas in ventral views (E-H), only those that articulate with the sternum are numbered. The rib cages in E-H are intact (white paper inside the rib cage hides the dorsal aspects of the rib cages). The red bar in E-H provides a size reference for the length of the sternum. Black numbers indicate ribs that normally connect with the sternum, red numbers indicate extra ribs connecting to the sternum, and blue numbers indicate floating ribs. Arrows in A mark fused cervical vertebrae. Green asterisk in E marks connective tissue in place of missing manubrium and first sternabra. Orange asterisk in F denotes missing xiphoid process. Green arrowheads in G denote wild-type manubrium and first sternabra.





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