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Fig. 4. `Anterior' Hoxd genes promote adult caecum size in mice.
(A-I) Dissected ileo-caecal transition zones of three genotypes,
illustrating key examples of the phenotypic series presented in
Table 1. A,A',D,G depict
X-Gal-stained newborn specimens, to confirm the identity of the complementing
alleles. Arrowheads in A,A',D point to the anterior limit of
Hoxd11/lac marker gene expression in mesenchyme, associated with the
respective alleles, depicted in the line diagrams on the right. In gut
mesenchyme, del(8i-13) shows a more anterior
Hoxd11/lac expression involving the posterior ileum (A,A'),
while the reporter gene associated with the del(11-13)
allele is limited at the ileo-caecal junction, reminiscent of endogenous
Hoxd11. Blue staining in G is due to endogenous activity in
enterocytes, which does not involve the gut mesenchyme. The lac
fusion protein does not have Hoxd11 function, consistent with lack of
caecum growth promotion by the del(8i-13) allele
(A,A',B) in the presence of ectopic Hoxd12. By contrast, in the
case of del(11-13), the presence of the caecum (D,E)
indicates growth promotion by Hoxd8, Hoxd9 and Hoxd10
present in addition to the Hoxd1, Hoxd3 and Hoxd4 loci, which alone
were not sufficient to neutralize ectopic Hoxd12. Control guts are
shown in G and H for comparison.
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