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Figure 6


Fig. 6. Model of the role of Hesr1 and Hesr2 in AV boundary formation. Hesr1 and Hesr2 are specifically expressed in the atrium and ventricle but not the AV canal. The AV canal is specified by Bmp2 expression, which induces Tbx2 expression. Bmp2 signals might diffuse to the chamber area and thus induce Tbx2 in the chamber cells. However, because of Hesr1 and Hesr2 expression in the atrium and ventricle, the undesirable expression of Tbx2 is suppressed in the chamber area, which leads to clear boundary formation between the AV canal and each chamber. Tbx20 is a possible upstream factor in this process as it is known to be required for expression of Hesr1 and Hesr2. Unknown factor (X) could induce Bmp2 expression, and possibly be regulated by Hesr2. Therefore, Hesr1 and Hesr2 determine the AV boundary by restricting the expression of Tbx2 to the AV myocardium.





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