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Fig. 3. Gene expression of MAPK pathway components in Ciona
intestinalis larvae. (A) Microarray analysis of MAPK gene
expression during C. intestinalis swimming larval phase. Diagram of
mammalian MAPK pathways superimposed with oligonucleotide-based chip data. The
microarray data are represented by a square composed of two rows (two
independent experiments) and eight smaller squares corresponding to each
experimental point (every 2 hours from 18 hpf to 30 hpf, the last experimental
point is at 50 hpf). Downregulated genes are displayed in green and
upregulated genes are displayed in red. The expression level of each gene at
each experimental point was normalized with its expression level at 18 hpf
(first small black square). (B) Expression level of the SRF,
c-jun and MKP genes from hatching to metamorphosis.
(C) Semi-quantitative RT-PCR for SRF, c-jun and MKP. mRNA was extracted
from embryos, reverse transcribed and semi-quantitative specific PCR was
performed (see Materials and methods). S26 ribosomal protein RNA represents an
internal control for the level of expression
(Vincent et al., 1993).