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Fig. 4. Syn4 is required for NC migration in a cell- and non-cell-autonomous
manner. (A-D') Xenopus NC grafts. (A) Embryos were
injected at the one-cell stage with 8 ng of syn4 MO and FDX; at stage
16, the NC were dissected, grafted into a normal host and NC migration was
analyzed by looking at the fluorescence. (B,B') Control showing normal
NC migration (87% of migration, n=15). (C,C') syn4
5-base mismatch morpholino (syn4 5mm MO)-injected embryo, showing
normal NC migration (75% of migration, n=12). (D,D')
syn4 MO-injected embryo showing inhibition of NC migration (0% of
migration, n=15). (E-P) Zebrafish graft embryos. (E)
sox10:egfp embryos were co-injected with RDX and control or
syn4 MO; cells taken from these embryos were grafted into wild-type
embryos and NC migration was analyzed. (F) sox10:egfp embryos were
injected with RDX; cells taken from these embryos were grafted into wild-type
embryos previously injected with control or syn4 MO and NC migration
was analyzed. (G-N) GFP-expressing cells were overlapped on DIC image. Black
arrow indicates the initial position of the NC; white arrow indicates the
position of the NC after 4 hours. (G-J) Control MO; (K-N). syn4 MO.
(O) Average distance traveled for the grafted cells in 4 hours in experiment
shown in E. (P) Average distance traveled for the grafted cells in 4 hours in
experiment shown in F. **P<0.005.
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