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Fig. 2. Shh^-/- mutant AVSD and defective DMP development. Transverse sections of E13.5 WT (A) and Shh^-/- mutant (B) demonstrate a typical AVSD (asterisk) characterized by a large atrial septal defect and abnormal AV valve openings (scale bar, 500 µm). (C,D) Sagittal sections of Shh^er-Cre; R26R embryos show lack of heart expression, but foregut expression (FE) is juxtaposed to the DM. (E) Ptch1^lacZ is observed in the DM, splanchnic mesoderm and DMP at E11.5 (sagittal section). (F) OFT and atrial DMP expression are the only areas of the heart where Hh activity is detected at E11.5 (wholemount, dorsal view). (G) E10.5 WT Ptch1^lacZ embryo shows expression in the DMP (wholemount, right view,). (H) E10.5 Shh^-/- mutants largely lack Ptch1^lacZ expression in atria (asterisk). A, atria; FE, foregut endoderm; GE, gut endoderm; IAVC, inferior atrioventricular cushion; LE, lung endoderm; LA, left atrium; LV, left ventricle; MV, mitral valve; PAS, primary atrial septum; RA, right atrium; RV, right ventricle; SAVC, superior atrioventricular cushion; SM, splanchnic mesoderm; TV, tricuspid valve; V, ventricle.

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