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Fig. 2. Tracheal cell invagination. (A) A transverse representation
of tracheal placode invagination. Tracheal placodes are clusters of ectodermal
cells that express trh (red). These cells stop dividing shortly
before apical constriction occurs and before the tracheal placodes invaginate
into the embryo. They then re-enter mitosis and undergo one last round of cell
division towards the end of the invagination process. The orientation of the
cell division axis is biased towards the center of the tracheal pit and might
help to direct cells to flow into the site of invagination
(Nishimura et al., 2007).
(B) A model of the signaling and cell remodeling events required for
ordered tracheal cell invagination. The patterning information from
trh (red) is translated through cell signaling processes (green) and
cytoskeleton reorganization (blue) to cell remodeling events (orange; see text
for details). Dashed lines indicate effects eventually caused by a factor.
Adapted, with permission, from Brodu and Casanova
(Brodu and Casanova,
2006).
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