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Figure 8


Fig. 8. Model of Ndst-Fgfr2-Shp2 signaling in lacrimal gland development. The N-sulfated heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) catalyzed by Ndst selectively potentiates Fgf10 and Fgfr2 interaction at the lacrimal gland bud. This leads to phosphorylation and activation of the downstream Shp2 protein, which promotes phospho-ERK expression, Pea3/Erm transcription and cell proliferation. In a feedback mechanism, Fgfr2-Shp2 signaling further regulates heparan sulfate modification, thus restricting FGF signaling and cell proliferation within the tip of lacrimal gland bud.





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