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Fig. 1. Expression of Dlx3, Dlx5 and Pax6 in chick olfactory placode precursors. (A,A',D,D',G,G') Dlx3. (B-B'',E,E',H,H') Dlx5. (C,C',F,F',I,I') Pax6. (A,A') Ventral view of Dlx3 at HH8. Broken white lines trace outline of anterior neural fold region. Asterisks indicate olfactory precursor regions lacking Dlx3 expression in A and A'. Broken black line in A indicates transverse plane of section shown in A'. Low-level expression is seen in ectoderm adjacent to anterior neural folds (A', arrowheads). Broken line in A' outlines ectoderm. (D,D') Ventral view and transverse section, respectively, of Dlx3 at HH10 show strong expression in olfactory progenitors (arrowheads). (G) At HH13, Dlx3 refines ventromedially (arrowheads) within anterior ectoderm between eyes (outlined); midline of embryo denoted by a single white dotted line. (G') Lateral view of embryo shown in G. The eye is outlined and arrowheads indicate Dlx3 expression in nasal progenitors. (B) Dorsal view of Dlx5 at HH8. (B-B'') Low transcript levels within anterior neural folds (asterisks) with gradual posterior decline and exclusion from posterior neural folds (compare B' with B''). Dlx5 is expressed at high levels within the anterior ectoderm, but shows `salt and pepper' expression more posteriorly (compare B' with B''). Arrowheads indicate Dlx5 expression in adjacent ectoderm. (E,E') Ventral view and transverse section, respectively, of Dlx5 at HH11. Arrowheads indicate strong expression in olfactory precursors. HNK-1 staining in pink in E' shows distance of neural crest from placode precursors at this stage. (H,H') Dlx5 at HH15 is in migrating neural crest and olfactory placodes (arrow in H' section indicates Dlx5+ thickened ectoderm or ingressing placode cells). (C,C',F,F',I,I') Pax6 at HH8 (C, dorsal view; C', section), HH11 (F, ventral view; F', section) and HH14 (I, lateral view; I', section). (C,C') Abundant Pax6 in anterior neural folds and salt-and-peppered throughout anterior ectoderm (arrowheads in C'). (F,F') High levels in eye, but extinguished in olfactory precursors (between arrowheads, F,F'). (I) Robust Pax6 in eye and diencephalon at HH14. (I') Arrow indicates reappearance of Pax6 in presumptive nasal ectoderm. Broken white lines indicate planes of section in B-F,H,I. c, cornea; nt, neural tube; e, eye; fb, forebrain; op, olfactory placode. The schematic drawings on the left show the position of the olfactory precursors (blue) at the indicated stages.

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