spacer gif spacer gif spacer gif spacer gif spacer gif
 QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced]


spacer gif
     Home     Help     Feedback     Subscriptions     Archive     Search     Table of Contents    


This Article
Right arrow Summary Freely available
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow reprints & permissions
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Blumberg, B.
Right arrow Articles by Papalopulu, N.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Blumberg, B.
Right arrow Articles by Papalopulu, N.
Blitz, I. L. and Cho, K. W. Y (1995). Anterior neuroectoderm is progressively induced during gastrulation: the role of the Xenopus homeobox gene orthodenticle. Development 121, 993-1004.[Abstract]

Blumberg, B., Mangelsdorf, D. J., Dyck, J., Bittner, D. A., Jegalian, K., Evans, R. M. and De Robertis, E. M (1992). Multiple retinoid-responsive receptors in a single cell: families of RXRs and RARs in the Xenopus egg. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 89, 2321-2325.[Abstract/Free Full Text]

Blumberg, B., Bolado, J. Jr, Derguini, F., Craig, A. G., Moreno, T. A., Charkravarti, D., Heyman, R. A., Buck, J. and Evans, R. M (1996). Novel RAR ligands in Xenopus embryos. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 93, 4873-4878.[Abstract/Free Full Text]

Bradley, L. C., Snape, A., Bhatt, S. and Wilkinson, D. G (1993). The structure and expression of the Xenopus Krox-20 gene: conserved and divergent patterns of expression in rhombomeres and neural crest. Mech. Dev 40, 73-84.[Medline]

Bryant, S. V. and Gardiner, D. M (1992). Retinoic acid, local cell-cell interactions and pattern formation in vertebrate limbs. Dev. Biol 152, 1-25.[Medline]

Chen, Y. P., Huang, L. and Solursh, M (1994). A concentration gradient of retinoids in the early Xenopus laevis embryo. Dev. Biol 161, 70-76.[Medline]

Chitnis, A., Henrique, D., Lewis, J., Ish-Horowicz, D. and Kintner, C (1995). Primary neurogenesis in Xenopus embryos regulated by a homologue of the Drosophila neurogenic gene Delta. Nature 375, 761-766.[Medline]

Cho, K. W. Y., Blumberg, B., Steinbeisser, H. and De Robertis, E. M (1991). Molecular nature of Spemann's organizer: the role of the Xenopus homeobox gene goosecoid. Cell 67, 1111-1120.[Medline]

Coffman, C. R., Skoglund, P., Harris, W. A. and Kintner, C (1993). Expression of an extracellular deletion of Xotch diverts cell fate in Xenopus embryos. Cell 73, 659-671.[Medline]

Conlon, R. A. and Rossant, J (1992). Exogenous retinoic acid rapidly induces anterior ectopic expression of murine Hox-2 genes in vivo. Development 116, 357-68.[Medline]

Conlon, R. A (1995). Retinoic acid and pattern formation in vertebrates. Trends Genet 11, 314-319.[Medline]

Cox, W. G. and Hemmati-Brivanlou, A (1995). Caudalization of neural fate by tissue recombination and bFGF. Development 121, 4349-4358.[Abstract]

Damm, K., Heyman, R. A., Umesono, K. and Evans, R. M (1993). Functional inhibition of retinoic acid response by dominant negative retinoic acid receptor mutants. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 90, 2989-2993.[Abstract/Free Full Text]

Dekker, E. J., Pannese, M., Houtzager, E., Boncinelli, E. and Durston, A (1992). Colinearity in the Xenopus laevis Hox-2 complex. Mech. Dev 40, 3-12.

Doniach, T (1995). Basic FGF as an inducer of anteroposterior neural pattern. Cell 83, 1067-1070.[Medline]

Drysdale, T. A. and Crawford, M. J (1994). Effects of localized application of retinoic acid on Xenopus laevis development. Dev. Biol 162, 394-401.[Medline]

Durston, A. J., Timmermans, J. P., Hage, W. J., Hendriks, H. F., de Vries, N. J., Heideveld, M. and Nieuwkoop, P. D (1989). Retinoic acid causes ananteroposterior transformation in the developing central nervous system. Nature 340, 140-144.[Medline]

Ellinger-Ziegelbauer, H. and Dreyer, C (1991). A retinoic acid receptor expressed in the early development of Xenopus laevis. Genes Dev 5, 94-104.[Abstract/Free Full Text]

Eyal-Giladi, H (1954). Dynamic aspects of neural induction. Arch. Biol 65, 180-259.

Gilbert, S. F. and Saxen, L (1993). Spemann's organizer: models and molecules. Mech. Dev 41, 73-89.[Medline]

Harland, R (1991). In situ hybridization: An improved whole-mount method for Xenopus embryos. Meth. Cell Biol 36, 685-695.[Medline]

Hawley, S. H., Wunnenberg-Stapleton, K., Hashimoto, C., Laurent, M. N., Watabe, T., Blumberg, B. and Cho, K. W. Y (1995). Disruption of BMP signals in embryonic Xenopus ectoderm leads to direct nerual induction. Genes Dev 9, 2923-2935.[Abstract/Free Full Text]

Hemmati-Brivanlou, A. and Harland, R. M (1989). Expression of an engrailed -related protein is induced in the anterior neural ectoderm of early Xenopus embryos. Development 106, 611-617.[Abstract]

Hemmati-Brivanlou, A., Kelly, O. G. and Melton, D. A (1994). Follistatin, an antagonist of activin, is expressed in the Spemann organizer and displays direct neuralizing activity. Cell 77, 283-295.[Medline]

Hemmati-Brivanlou, A. and Melton, D. A (1994). Inhibition of activin receptor signaling promotes neuralization in Xenopus. Cell 77, 273-281.[Medline]

Heyman, R. A., Mangelsdorf, D. J., Dyck, J. A., Stein, R. B., Eichele, G., Evans, R. M. and Thaller, C (1992). 9- cis retinoic acid is a high affinity ligand for the retinoid X receptor. Cell 68, 397-406.[Medline]

Jones-Villeneuve, E. M. V., McBurney, M. W., Rogers, K. A. and Kalnins, V. I (1982). Retinoic acid induces embryonal carcinoma cells to differentiate into neurons and glial cells. J. Cell Biol 94, 253-262.[Abstract/Free Full Text]

Kastner, P., Mark, M. and Chambon, P (1995). Nonsteroid nuclear receptors: what are genetic studies telling us about their role in real life?. Cell 83, 859-869.[Medline]

Kengaku, M. and Okamoto, H (1995). bFGF as a possible morphogen for the anteroposterior axis of the central nervous system in Xenopus. Development 121, 3121-3130.[Abstract]

Kolm, P. J. and Sive, H. L (1995). Regulation of the Xenopus labial homeodomain genes, HoxA1 and HoxD1: activation by retinoids and peptide growth factors. Dev. Biol 167, 34-49.[Medline]

Kroll, K. L. and Amaya, E (1996). Transgenic Xenopus embryos from sperm nuclear transplantations reveal FGF signaling requirements during gastrulation. Development 122, 3173-3183.[Abstract]

Lamb, T. M., Knecht, A. K., Smith, W. C., Stachel, S. E., Economides, A. N., Stahl, N., Yancopolouos, G. D. and Harland, R. M (1993). Neural induction by the secreted polypeptide noggin. Science 262, 713-718.[Abstract/Free Full Text]

Lamb, T. M. and Harland, R. M (1995). Fibroblast growth factor is a direct neural inducer, which combined with noggin generates anterior-posterior neural pattern. Development 121, 3627-3636.[Abstract]

Levin, A. A., Sturzenbecker, L. J., Kazmer, S., Bosakowski, T., Huselton, C., Allenby, G., Speck, J., Kratzeisen, C., Rosenberger, J., Lovey, A. and Grippo, J. F (1992). 9- cis retinoic acid stereoisomer binds and activates the nuclear receptor RXRa. Nature 355, 359-361.[Medline]

Maden, M. and Holder, N (1992). Retinoic acid and development of the central nervous system. BioEssays 14, 431-438.[Medline]

Maden, M., Gale, W., Kostetskii, I. and Zile, M (1996). Vitamin A-deficient quail embryos have half a hindbrain and other neural defects. Curr. Biol 6, 417-426.[Medline]

McBurney, M. W., Jones-Villeneuve, E. M. V., Edwards, M. K. S. and Anderson, P. J (1982). Control of muscle and neuronal differentiation in a cultured embryonal carcinoma cell line. Nature 299, 165-167.[Medline]

Nieuwkoop, P. D (1952). Activation and organization of the central nervous system in amphibians. Part III. synthesis of a new working hypothesis. J. Exp. Zool 120, 83-108.

Papalopulu, N., Clarke, J. D. W., Bradley, L., Wilkinson, D., Krumlauf, R. and Holder, N (1991). Retinoic acid causes abnormal development and segmental patterning of the anterior hindbrain in Xenopus embryos. Development 113, 1145-1158.[Abstract]

Papalopulu, N., Lovell-Badge, R. and Krumlauf, R (1991). The expression of murine Hox-2 genes is dependent on the differentiation pathway and displays a collinear sensitivity to retinoic acid in F9 cells and Xenopus embryos. Nucl. Acids Res 19, 5497-5506.[Abstract/Free Full Text]

Papalopulu, N. and Kintner, C (1996). A posteriorising factor, retinoic acid, reveals that anteroposterior patterning controls the timing of neuronal differentiation in Xenopus neuroectoderm. Development 122, 3409-3418.[Abstract]

Perlmann, T., Rangarajan, P. N., Umesono, K. and Evans, R. M (1993). Determinants for selective RAR and TR recognition of direct repeat HREs. Genes Dev 7, 1411-1422.[Abstract/Free Full Text]

Pownall, M. E., Tucker, A. S., Slack, J. M. W. and Isaacs, H. V (1996). eFGF, Xcad3 and Hox genes form a molecular pathway that establishes the anteroposterior axis in Xenopus. Development 122, 3881-3892.[Abstract]

Ruiz i Altaba, A. and Jessell, T (1991). Retinoic acid modifies mesodermal patterning in early Xenopus embryos. Genes Dev 5, 175-187.[Abstract/Free Full Text]

Sadowski, I., Ma, J., Triezenberg, S. and Ptashne, M (1988). GAL4-VP16 is an unusually potent transcriptional activator. Nature 335, 563-564.[Medline]

Sasai, Y., Lu, B., Steinbeisser, H. and De Robertis, E. M (1995). Regulation of neural induction by the Chd and Bmp-4 antagonistic patterning signals in Xenopus. Nature 376, 333-336.[Medline]

Schuh, T. J., Hall, B. L., Kraft, J. C., Privalsky, M. L. and Kimelman, D (1993). v-erbA and citral reduce the teratogenic effects of all- trans retinoic acid and retinol, respectively, in Xenopus embryos. Development 119, 785-798.[Abstract]

Schuh, T. J. and Kimelman, D (1995). COUP-TFI is a potential regulator of retinoic acid-modulated development in Xenopus embryos. Mech. Dev 51, 39-49.[Medline]

Sharpe, C. R (1991). Retinoic acid can mimic endogenous signals involved in transformation of the Xenopus nervous system. Neuron 7, 239-247.[Medline]

Sharpe, C. R (1992). Two isoforms of retinoic acid receptor alpha expressed during Xenopus development respond to retinoic acid. Mech. Dev 39, 81-93.[Medline]

Sidell, N (1982). Retinoic acid-induced growth inhibition and morphologic differentiation of human neuroblastoma cells in vitro. J. Nat. Cancer Inst 68, 589-593.

Simeone, A., Avantaggiato, V., Moroni, M. C., Mavilio, F., Arra, C., Cotelli, F., Nigro, V. and Acampora, D (1995). Retinoic acid induces stage-specific antero-posterior transformation of rostral central nervous system. Mech. Dev 51, 83-98.[Medline]

Sive, H. L., Draper, B. W., Harland, R. and Weintraub H (1990). Identification of retinoic acid-sensitive period during primary axis formation in Xenopus laevis. Genes Dev 4, 932-942.[Abstract/Free Full Text]

Sive, H. L. and Cheng, P. F (1991). Retinoic acid perturbs the expression of Xhox.lab genes and alters mesodermal determination in Xenopus laevis. Genes Dev 5, 1321-1332.[Abstract/Free Full Text]

Taira, M., Jamrich, M., Good, P. J. and Dawid, I. B (1992). The LIM domain-containing homeobox gene Xlim-1 is expressed specifically in the organizer region of Xenopus gastrula embryos. Genes Dev 6, 356-366.[Abstract/Free Full Text]

Wright, C. V. E., Morita, E. A., Wilkin, D. J. and De Robertis, E. M (1990). The Xenopus XlHbox 6 homeoprotein, a marker of posterior neural induction, is expressed in proliferating neurons. Development 109, 225-234.[Abstract]




This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
DevelopmentHome page
P. Alarcon, E. Rodriguez-Seguel, A. Fernandez-Gonzalez, R. Rubio, and J. L. Gomez-Skarmeta
A dual requirement for Iroquois genes during Xenopus kidney development
Development, October 1, 2008; 135(19): 3197 - 3207.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Stem CellsHome page
M. Gouti and A. Gavalas
Hoxb1 Controls Cell Fate Specification and Proliferative Capacity of Neural Stem and Progenitor Cells
Stem Cells, August 1, 2008; 26(8): 1985 - 1997.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
DevelopmentHome page
I. Olivera-Martinez and K. G. Storey
Wnt signals provide a timing mechanism for the FGF-retinoid differentiation switch during vertebrate body axis extension
Development, June 1, 2007; 134(11): 2125 - 2135.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Mol. Cell. Biol.Home page
M.-Y. Jung, L. Lorenz, and J. D. Richter
Translational Control by Neuroguidin, a Eukaryotic Initiation Factor 4E and CPEB Binding Protein.
Mol. Cell. Biol., June 1, 2006; 26(11): 4277 - 4287.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
DevelopmentHome page
R. B. Fletcher, J. C. Baker, and R. M. Harland
FGF8 spliceforms mediate early mesoderm and posterior neural tissue formation in Xenopus
Development, May 1, 2006; 133(9): 1703 - 1714.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
DevelopmentHome page
D. Stafford, R. J. White, M. D. Kinkel, A. Linville, T. F. Schilling, and V. E. Prince
Retinoids signal directly to zebrafish endoderm to specify insulin-expressing {beta}-cells
Development, March 1, 2006; 133(5): 949 - 956.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
DevelopmentHome page
I. O. Sirbu, L. Gresh, J. Barra, and G. Duester
Shifting boundaries of retinoic acid activity control hindbrain segmental gene expression
Development, June 1, 2005; 132(11): 2611 - 2622.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
DevelopmentHome page
M. Schubert, J.-K. Yu, N. D. Holland, H. Escriva, V. Laudet, and L. Z. Holland
Retinoic acid signaling acts via Hox1 to establish the posterior limit of the pharynx in the chordate amphioxus
Development, January 1, 2005; 132(1): 61 - 73.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
DevelopmentHome page
J. Shiotsugu, Y. Katsuyama, K. Arima, A. Baxter, T. Koide, J. Song, R. A. S. Chandraratna, and B. Blumberg
Multiple points of interaction between retinoic acid and FGF signaling during embryonic axis formation
Development, June 1, 2004; 131(11): 2653 - 2667.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
DevelopmentHome page
E. Aamar and D. Frank
Xenopus Meis3 protein forms a hindbrain-inducing center by activating FGF/MAP kinase and PCP pathways
Development, January 1, 2004; 131(1): 153 - 163.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
DevelopmentHome page
T. Haremaki, Y. Tanaka, I. Hongo, M. Yuge, and H. Okamoto
Integration of multiple signal transducing pathways on Fgf response elements of the Xenopus caudal homologue Xcad3
Development, October 15, 2003; 130(20): 4907 - 4917.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
DevelopmentHome page
N. Itasaki, C. M. Jones, S. Mercurio, A. Rowe, P. M. Domingos, J. C. Smith, and R. Krumlauf
Wise, a context-dependent activator and inhibitor of Wnt signalling
Development, September 15, 2003; 130(18): 4295 - 4305.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
DevelopmentHome page
A. Halilagic, M. H. Zile, and M. Studer
A novel role for retinoids in patterning the avian forebrain during presomite stages
Development, May 15, 2003; 130(10): 2039 - 2050.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
DevelopmentHome page
N. Matt, N. B. Ghyselinck, O. Wendling, P. Chambon, and M. Mark
Retinoic acid-induced developmental defects are mediated by RAR{beta}/RXR heterodimers in the pharyngeal endoderm
Development, May 15, 2003; 130(10): 2083 - 2093.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
DevelopmentHome page
Y.-K. Bae, T. Shimizu, T. Yabe, C.-H. Kim, T. Hirata, H. Nojima, O. Muraoka, T. Hirano, and M. Hibi
A homeobox gene, pnx, is involved in the formation of posterior neurons in zebrafish
Development, May 1, 2003; 130(9): 1853 - 1865.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J. Cell Biol.Home page
A. D. Weston, B. Blumberg, and T. M. Underhill
Active repression by unliganded retinoid receptors in development: less is sometimes more
J. Cell Biol., April 28, 2003; 161(2): 223 - 228.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
DevelopmentHome page
S. Bel-Vialar, N. Itasaki, and R. Krumlauf
Initiating Hox gene expression: in the early chick neural tube differential sensitivity to FGF and RA signaling subdivides the HoxB genes in two distinct groups
Development, March 13, 2003; 129(22): 5103 - 5115.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
DevelopmentHome page
T. Kudoh, S. W. Wilson, and I. B. Dawid
Distinct roles for Fgf, Wnt and retinoic acid in posteriorizing the neural ectoderm
Development, March 11, 2003; 129(18): 4335 - 4346.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
DevelopmentHome page
C. Kiecker and C. Niehrs
A morphogen gradient of Wnt/{beta}-catenin signalling regulates anteroposterior neural patterning in Xenopus
Development, November 1, 2001; 128(21): 4189 - 4201.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
DevelopmentHome page
G. Begemann, T. F. Schilling, G.-J. Rauch, R. Geisler, and P. W. Ingham
The zebrafish neckless mutation reveals a requirement for raldh2 in mesodermal signals that pattern the hindbrain
Development, August 15, 2001; 128(16): 3081 - 3094.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Genes Dev.Home page
T. Koide, M. Downes, R. A.S. Chandraratna, B. Blumberg, and K. Umesono
Active repression of RAR signaling is required for head formation
Genes & Dev., August 15, 2001; 15(16): 2111 - 2121.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
DevelopmentHome page
V. Dupe and A. Lumsden
Hindbrain patterning involves graded responses to retinoic acid signalling
Development, June 15, 2001; 128(12): 2199 - 2208.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
DevelopmentHome page
O Kazanskaya, A Glinka, and C Niehrs
The role of Xenopus dickkopf1 in prechordal plate specification and neural patterning
Development, January 11, 2000; 127(22): 4981 - 4992.
[Abstract] [PDF]


Home page
DevelopmentHome page
K Fekany-Lee, E Gonzalez, V Miller-Bertoglio, and L Solnica-Krezel
The homeobox gene bozozok promotes anterior neuroectoderm formation in zebrafish through negative regulation of BMP2/4 and Wnt pathways
Development, January 6, 2000; 127(11): 2333 - 2345.
[Abstract] [PDF]


Home page
DevelopmentHome page
L Mathis and J. Nicolas
Different clonal dispersion in the rostral and caudal mouse central nervous system
Development, January 3, 2000; 127(6): 1277 - 1290.
[Abstract] [PDF]


Home page
DevelopmentHome page
K Niederreither, J Vermot, B Schuhbaur, P Chambon, and P Dolle
Retinoic acid synthesis and hindbrain patterning in the mouse embryo
Development, January 1, 2000; 127(1): 75 - 85.
[Abstract] [PDF]


Home page
DevelopmentHome page
P. Franco, A. Paganelli, S. Lopez, and A. Carrasco
Functional association of retinoic acid and hedgehog signaling in Xenopus primary neurogenesis
Development, January 10, 1999; 126(19): 4257 - 4265.
[Abstract] [PDF]


Home page
DevelopmentHome page
B. Sun, S. Bush, L. Collins-Racie, E. LaVallie, E. DiBlasio-Smith, N. Wolfman, J. McCoy, and H. Sive
derriere: a TGF-beta family member required for posterior development in Xenopus
Development, January 4, 1999; 126(7): 1467 - 1482.
[Abstract] [PDF]


Home page
DevelopmentHome page
C Bourguignon, J Li, and N Papalopulu
XBF-1, a winged helix transcription factor with dual activity, has a role in positioning neurogenesis in Xenopus competent ectoderm
Development, January 12, 1998; 125(24): 4889 - 4900.
[Abstract] [PDF]


Home page
DevelopmentHome page
V Knezevic, R De Santo, and S Mackem
Continuing organizer function during chick tail development
Development, January 5, 1998; 125(10): 1791 - 1801.
[Abstract] [PDF]


Home page
DevelopmentHome page
S Koshida, M Shinya, T Mizuno, A Kuroiwa, and H Takeda
Initial anteroposterior pattern of the zebrafish central nervous system is determined by differential competence of the epiblast
Development, January 5, 1998; 125(10): 1957 - 1966.
[Abstract] [PDF]


Home page
DevelopmentHome page
M Studer, A Gavalas, H Marshall, L Ariza-McNaughton, F. Rijli, P Chambon, and R Krumlauf
Genetic interactions between Hoxa1 and Hoxb1 reveal new roles in regulation of early hindbrain patterning
Development, January 3, 1998; 125(6): 1025 - 1036.
[Abstract] [PDF]


Home page
DevelopmentHome page
J van der Wees, J. Schilthuis, C. Koster, H Diesveld-Schipper, G. Folkers, P. van der Saag, M. Dawson, K Shudo, B van der Burg, and A. Durston
Inhibition of retinoic acid receptor-mediated signalling alters positional identity in the developing hindbrain
Development, January 2, 1998; 125(3): 545 - 556.
[Abstract] [PDF]


Home page
DevelopmentHome page
M Epstein, G Pillemer, R Yelin, J. Yisraeli, and A Fainsod
Patterning of the embryo along the anterior-posterior axis: the role of the caudal genes
Development, January 10, 1997; 124(19): 3805 - 3814.
[Abstract] [PDF]


Home page
DevelopmentHome page
A. Bang, N Papalopulu, C Kintner, and M. Goulding
Expression of Pax-3 is initiated in the early neural plate by posteriorizing signals produced by the organizer and by posterior non-axial mesoderm
Development, January 5, 1997; 124(10): 2075 - 2085.
[Abstract] [PDF]


Home page
J. Biol. Chem.Home page
F. Grun, Y. Hirose, S. Kawauchi, T. Ogura, and K. Umesono
Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 6, a Cytosolic Retinaldehyde Dehydrogenase Prominently Expressed in Sensory Neuroepithelia during Development
J. Biol. Chem., December 22, 2000; 275(52): 41210 - 41218.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


This Article
Right arrow Summary Freely available
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow reprints & permissions
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Blumberg, B.
Right arrow Articles by Papalopulu, N.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Blumberg, B.
Right arrow Articles by Papalopulu, N.